“…As the tests follow, a more acidic environment would promote the acidogenic step thus overall enhancing the whole process yield [18,19]. Recently, Wang et al [20] applied urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) pretreatment on sludge acidogenic fermentation. UHP effect and mechanisms are comparable to those reported for KMnO 4 : the established alkaline conditions, coupled with the free radicals generated, disrupted the organics in the sludge, thus increasing VFAs production up to 8800.9 mg COD L − 1 .…”