Enhancing MIMO Covert Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surface

Chen, Xin; Zheng, Tong-Xing; Dong, Limeng; Lin, Menghan; Yuan, Jinhong

doi:10.1109/lwc.2021.3119687

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mounted IRS (UIRS) communication system over THz bands was also proposed to achieve the improvement of covert rate performance [43]. The authors in [44] and [45] utilized the integration of the IRS and the MIMO techniques to maximize the covert rate. The work [46] investigated the scenario that two-hop signals at the warden be combined to determine the presence of private transmission.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covert Rate Study for Full-Duplex D2D Communications Underlaid Cellular Networks

Yang

Shen

et al. 2023

IEEE Internet Things J.

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Device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaid cellular networks have emerged as a promising network architecture to provide extended coverage and high data rate for various Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, because of the inherent openness and broadcasting nature of wireless communications, such networks face severe risks of data privacy disclosure. This paper investigates the covert communications in such networks for providing enhanced privacy protection. Specifically, this paper explores the critical covert rate performance in a full-duplex D2D communication underlaid cellular network consisting of a base station, a cellular user, a D2D pair with a transmitter and a full-duplex receiver, and a warden, where the D2D receiver can operate over either the full-duplex (FD) mode or the half-duplex (HD) mode. We first derive transmission outage probabilities of cellular and D2D links under the FD and HD modes, respectively. Based on these probabilities, we further provide theoretical modelling for the covert rate under each mode and explore the corresponding covert rate maximization by jointly optimizing the transmit powers of the D2D pair and the cellular user. To improve the covert rate performance, we propose a general mode in which the D2D receiver can flexibly switch between these two modes. Under the general mode, we also investigate the theoretical modelling and maximization problems of covert rate. Finally, we present extensive numerical results to illustrate the covert rate performances under the FD, HD, and general modes.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covert Rate Study for Full-Duplex D2D Communications Underlaid Cellular Networks

Yang

Shen

et al. 2023

IEEE Internet Things J.

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“…In the meanwhile, fully-digital antenna architecture is adopted at Bob for simplicity. Due to blockage in areas with lots of obstacles [9], [29], the direct links between Alice and both Bob and Willie are unavailable. The XL-RIS is utilized to enable the covert communication from Alice to Bob.…”

Section: A System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, as widely adopted in the literature [10], [11], [29], we assume that Willie's channel state information (CSI) is available at Alice. This assumption can be justified as follows.…”

Section: B Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Empowered Trajectory and Passive Beamforming Design in UAV-RIS Wireless Networks

Liu

Chen

2021

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

213

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This paper studies an extremely large-scale reconfigurable intelligent surface (XL-RIS) empowered covert communication system in the near-field region. Alice covertly transmits messages to Bob with the assistance of the XL-RIS, while evading detection by Willie. To enhance the covert communication performance, we maximize the achievable covert rate by jointly optimizing the hybrid analog and digital beamformers at Alice, as well as the reflection coefficient matrix at the XL-RIS. An alternating optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the joint beamforming design problem. For the hybrid beamformer design, a semi-closed-form solution for fully digital beamformer is first obtained by a weighted minimum mean-square error based algorithm, then the baseband digital and analog beamformers at Alice are designed by approximating the fully digital beamformer via manifold optimization. For the XL-RIS's reflection coefficient matrix design, a low-complexity alternating direction method of multipliers based algorithm is proposed to address the challenge of large-scale variables and unit-modulus constraints. Numerical results unveil that i) the near-field communications can achieve a higher covert rate than the far-field covert communications in general, and still realize covert transmission even if Willie is located at the same direction as Bob and closer to the XL-RIS; ii) the proposed algorithm can enhance the covert rate significantly compared to the benchmark schemes; iii) the proposed algorithm leads to a beam diffraction pattern that can bypass Willie and achieve high-rate covert transmission to Bob.

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“…Because of reconfigurability, IRS has been viewed as an enabling and potential technology to achieve performance enhancement, spectral and energy efficiency improvement. With more and more research on IRS, IRS has been widely applied to the following scenarios, physical layer security [20]- [22], simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) [23], [24], multicell MIMO communications [25], [26], covert communications [27], [28], and wireless powered communication network (WPCN) [29]- [31]. To maximize secrecy rate for IRS-assisted multi-antenna systems in [22], where an efficient alternating algorithm was developed to jointly optimize the transmit covariance of the source and the phase shift matrix of the IRS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Efficient Beamforming Methods for Hybrid IRS plus AF Relay-aided Metaverse

Wang¹,

Feng²,

Huang³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Due to the "double fading" effect caused by conventional passive intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), the signal via the reflection link is weak. To enhance the received signal, active elements with the ability to amplify the reflected signal are introduced to the passive IRS forming hybrid IRS. In this paper, a hybrid IRS-aided amplify-and-forward (AF) relay wireless network is considered, where an optimization problem is formulated to maximize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by jointly optimizing the beamforming matrix at AF relay and the reflecting coefficient matrices at IRS subject to the constraints of transmit power budgets at the source/AF relay/hybrid IRS and that of unit-modulus for passive IRS phase shifts. To achieve high rate performance and extend the coverage range, a high-performance method based on semidefinite relaxation and fractional programming (HP-SDR-FP) algorithm is presented. Due to its extremely high complexity, a low-complexity method based on successive convex approximation and FP (LC-SCA-FP) algorithm is put forward. To further reduce the complexity, a lower-complexity method based on whitening filter, general power iterative and generalized Rayleigh-Ritz (WF-GPI-GRR) is proposed, where different from the above two methods, it is assumed that the amplifying coefficient of each active IRS element is equal, and the corresponding analytical solution of the amplifying coefficient can be obtained according to the transmit powers at AF relay and hybrid IRS. Simulation results show that the proposed three methods can greatly improve the rate performance compared to the existing networks, such as the passive IRS-aided AF relay and only AF relay network. In particular, a 50.0% rate gain over the existing networks is approximately achieved in the high power budget region of hybrid IRS. Moreover, it is verified that the proposed three efficient beamforming methods have an increasing

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Enhancing MIMO Covert Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surface

Cited by 39 publications

References 15 publications

Covert Rate Study for Full-Duplex D2D Communications Underlaid Cellular Networks

Covert Rate Study for Full-Duplex D2D Communications Underlaid Cellular Networks

Machine Learning Empowered Trajectory and Passive Beamforming Design in UAV-RIS Wireless Networks

Three Efficient Beamforming Methods for Hybrid IRS plus AF Relay-aided Metaverse

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