Enhancing mucosal immunity in mice by recombinant adenovirus expressing major epitopes of porcine circovirus-2 capsid protein delivered with cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides

Abstract

A recombinant replication-defective adenovirus expressing the major epitopes of porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) capsid protein (rAd/Cap/518) was previously constructed and shown to induce mucosal immunity in mice following intranasal delivery. In the present study, immune responses induced by intranasal immunization with a combination of rAd/Cap/518 and cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) were evaluated in mice. The levels of PCV-2-specific IgG in serum and IgA in saliva, lung, and intestinal fluids were significantly higher in the group immunized with rAd/Cap/518 and CpG ODN than animals immunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. The frequencies of IL-2-secreting CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in the combined immunization group than mice immunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. The frequencies of CD3+, CD3+CD4+CD8-, and CD3+CD4-CD8+ T cells in the combined immunization group were similar to that treated with CpG ODN alone, but significantly higher than mice that did not receive CpG ODN. PCV-2 load after challenge in the combined immunization group was significantly lower than that in the phosphate-buffered saline placebo group and approximately 7-fold lower in the group treated with CpG ODN alone. These results indicate that rAd/Cap/518 combined with CpG ODN can enhance systemic and local mucosal immunity in mice, and represent a promising synergetic mucosal vaccine against PCV-2.

Surface Display of porcine circovirus type 2 antigen protein cap on the spores of bacillus subtilis 168: An effective mucosal vaccine candidate

“…No effective PCV2 -specific sIgA was detected in the intestinal contents of experimental animals immunized with inactivated vaccine. Because most commercial vaccines administered via the parenteral route fail to induce protective mucosal immunity, they may only provide protection against clinical disease and do not eliminate infection at the site of local mucosal invasion ( 17 ). In addition, at 42nd, the serum IgG contents of RB-spores/mixed feeding group was still lower than that of the inactivated vaccine group, but the difference between them was not significant.…”

“…However, most licensed vaccines administered by the parenteral route do not induce protective mucosal immunity. This may only protect clinical diseases but cannot eliminate infection at local mucosal invasion sites ( 17 ). And most commercial vaccines do not induce both humoral and cellular immunity in the body.…”

Impacts of environmental and biological stressors on immune system ofMacrobrachium rosenbergii

“…Recombinant viral capsids are known to act as immuno‐stimulatory molecule which induces specific immune response against those viral particles in higher vertebrates (Chang et al . ). Since, crustaceans rely on innate immunity; development of vaccine is not possible.…”

Characterisation of the changing genomic landscape of metastatic melanoma using cell free DNA

“…Using an orthogonal custom-made Ion Torrent targeted deep sequencing panel (TSP) at an average depth greater than 3000× to cover the positions of the 91 SNVs, we were able to validate 84 somatic SNVs in this cfDNA sample. Not unexpectedly, the FFPE sample was of insufficient quality to yield accurate WGS data 28, 29. We therefore performed TSP sequencing on the tumour sample.…”