“…Several experimental programs have been conducted worldwide to study the efficiency of FRP sheet in strengthening and repairing defected beams (Toutanji et al, 2006;Takeda et al, 1996;Bsisu et al, 2015;Xiong et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2002Wu et al, , 2006Wu et al, , 2007Balamuralikrishnan and Jeyasehar, 2009;Chellapandian et al, 2019;Attari et al, 2012;Yuan and Xinsheng Xu, 2017;Al-Zaid et al, 2015;Alshannag and Alshenawy, 2021). Toutanji et al (2006) developed an experimental program consisting of eight rectangular, normal weight concrete beams, with dimensions of (160 3 108 3 1,800) mm, and tested them using four-point loading.…”