Enhancing the sensitivity of magnetic sensors by 3D metamaterial shells

The control of magnetic fields, essential for our science and technology, is currently achieved by magnetic materials with positive permeability, including ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and diamagnetic types. Here we introduce materials with negative static permeability as a new paradigm for manipulating magnetic fields. As a first step, we extend the solutions of Maxwell magnetostatic equations to include negative-permeability values. The understanding of these new solutions allow us to devise a negative-permeability material as a suitably tailored set of currents arranged in space, overcoming the fact that passive materials with negative permeability do no exist in magnetostatics. We confirm the theory by experimentally creating a spherical shell that emulates a negative-permeability material in a uniform magnetic field. Our results open new possibilities for creating and manipulating magnetic fields, which can be useful for practical applications.

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“…inside the hole, in the shell and in the external region. For positive µ, these solutions were studied in [14,18,46].…”

Section: A Conjugate Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These solutions were explored for positive μ in Refs. [14,47]. The nondistorting isotropic shells studied above, μ r = μ θ = −1/2 and μ ρ = μ θ = −1 for a spherical and a cylindrical shell, respectively, are particular cases of these solutions.…”

Section: A Nondistortion Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative permeability in magnetostatics and its experimental demonstration

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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“…Due to an ability to exhibit unordinary properties, for instance a zero or negative permittivity and permeability 1 – 4 , a potential interest of creating new functional structures had risen. The synthesis of superlenses 5 , 6 , cloaks 7 – 9 , new types of antennas 2 , 10 and absorbers 11 – 13 and devices for medical diagnosis 14 , 15 are some of many considered applications. Recent advances in terahertz metamaterials also show an accelerating progress of tunable metastructures 16 , 17 , where a resonance wavelength can be tuned using appropriate external fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogenization of the vertically stacked medium frequency magnetic metamaterials with multi-turn resonators

Steckiewicz

2022

Sci Rep

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The paper presents a homogenization method of the magnetic metamaterials, made of perpendicularly oriented resonators consisting of multi-turn planar coils. A resulting composite, in the form of parallel stripes with metamaterial cells, exhibits extraordinary properties in the medium frequency magnetic field, such as zero permeability. To identify an effective permeability of this metamaterial, two models were presented, i.e., a three-dimensional numerical model with current sheet approximation as well as Lorentz oscillator model, where individual coefficients are based on the lumped circuit parameters and directly related with a geometry of the unit cell. The accuracy of the second approach is improved by taking into account mutual inductances in a metamaterial grid. Then, a comparison is made with numerical model results to show adequacy of the adopted analytical attempt, and properties of this type of metamaterial are discussed. It is shown that discussed metamaterial structure can achieve negative permeability as well as its values, at identical resonant frequency, are dependent on number of turns of the planar coil.

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“…The fact is that metamaterial has a unique characteristic though it is engineered using naturally available materials. The anisotropic magnetic metamaterial (which means large permeability in one direction, with very low permeability in the perpendicular direction) has the property to distinctively respond to magnetic resonance concerning sensitivity [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left-Handed Metamaterial-Inspired Unit Cell for S-Band Glucose Sensing Application

Islam

Hoque

Almutairi

et al. 2019

Sensors

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This paper presents an oval-shaped sensor design for the measurement of glucose concentration in aqueous solution. This unit cell sensing device is inspired by metamaterial properties and is analytically described for better parametric study. The mechanism of the sensor is a sensing layer with varying permittivity placed between two nozzle-shaped microstrip lines. Glucose aqueous solutions were characterized considering the water dielectric constant, from 55 to 87, and were identified with a transmission coefficient at 3.914 GHz optimal frequency with double negative (DNG) metamaterial properties. Consequently, the sensitivity of the sensor was estimated at 0.037 GHz/(30 mg/dL) glucose solution. The design and analysis of this sensor was performed using the finite integration technique (FIT)-based Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio simulation software. Additionally, parametric analysis of the sensing characteristics was conducted using experimental verification for the justification. The performance of the proposed sensor demonstrates the potential application scope for glucose level identification in aqueous solutions regarding qualitative analysis.

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Enhancing the sensitivity of magnetic sensors by 3D metamaterial shells

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Negative permeability in magnetostatics and its experimental demonstration

Negative permeability in magnetostatics and its experimental demonstration

Homogenization of the vertically stacked medium frequency magnetic metamaterials with multi-turn resonators

Left-Handed Metamaterial-Inspired Unit Cell for S-Band Glucose Sensing Application

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