Ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines

Yamey, Gavin; Schäferhoff, Marco; Hatchett, Richard; Pate, Muhammad Ali; Zhao, Feng; McDade, Kaci Kennedy

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30763-7

Cited by 283 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The average time required to develop a vaccine is 2–5 years. Once a vaccine becomes available, it needs to undergo extensive preclinical trials with testing in cell culture and animals, from phases I to IV human clinical trials to the safety of use and efficacy, and then approval for use by the appropriate regulatory bodies, followed by mass production and ensuring global access [ 83 ]. Vaccines need to be safe for human use and accessible to all countries for world immunity to control the pandemic.…”

Section: Current Strategies For the Prevention And Treatment Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the SphK-S1P-SIPR Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

McGowan

Haddadi

Nassif

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The world is currently experiencing the worst health pandemic since the Spanish flu in 1918—the COVID-19 pandemic—caused by the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic is the world’s third wake-up call this century. In 2003 and 2012, the world experienced two major coronavirus outbreaks, SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East Respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), causing major respiratory tract infections. At present, there is neither a vaccine nor a cure for COVID-19. The severe COVID-19 symptoms of hyperinflammation, catastrophic damage to the vascular endothelium, thrombotic complications, septic shock, brain damage, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and acute neurological and psychiatric complications are unprecedented. Many COVID-19 deaths result from the aftermath of hyperinflammatory complications, also referred to as the “cytokine storm syndrome”, endotheliitus and blood clotting, all with the potential to cause multiorgan dysfunction. The sphingolipid rheostat plays integral roles in viral replication, activation/modulation of the immune response, and importantly in maintaining vasculature integrity, with sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) and its cognate receptors (SIPRs: G-protein-coupled receptors) being key factors in vascular protection against endotheliitus. Hence, modulation of sphingosine kinase (SphK), S1P, and the S1P receptor pathway may provide significant beneficial effects towards counteracting the life-threatening, acute, and chronic complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease, prospective vaccines, and current treatments. We then discuss the evidence supporting the targeting of SphK/S1P and S1P receptors in the repertoire of COVID-19 therapies to control viral replication and alleviate the known and emerging acute and chronic symptoms of COVID-19. Three clinical trials using FDA-approved sphingolipid-based drugs being repurposed and evaluated to help in alleviating COVID-19 symptoms are discussed.

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Section: Current Strategies For the Prevention And Treatment Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the SphK-S1P-SIPR Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

McGowan

Haddadi

Nassif

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Associated problems and pitfalls are surely a major concern resulting huge roadblock for vaccine discovery against COVID-19. The pitfalls are many folded, which as follows: (i) antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral replication for vaccinated people in future recurrence due to immune backfiring, (ii) rouge immunization resulting a huge damage on someone's own immune cells (such as neutrophil and basophil), (iii) in addition to immune response malfunctioning, three imperatives of vaccine effort: speed, manufacture and deployment at scale, and (iv) global access for a newly developed vaccine [116,117]. Further, new findings and hypotheses stirred up the debate on COVID-19 research making it difficult as well as relevant not only in therapy but also in producing a life-saving vaccine, without any risk of generating immunity-based complications.…”

Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Tomorrow Never Dies”: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Modalities against Coronavirus (COVID-19) amid Controversies

2020

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The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV or COVID-19) is responsible for severe health emergency throughout the world. The attack of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found to be responsible for COVID-19. The World Health Organization has declared the ongoing global public health emergency as a pandemic. The whole world fights against this invincible enemy in various capacities to restore economy, lifestyle, and safe life. Enormous amount of scientific research work(s), administrative strategies, and economic measurements are in place to create a successful step against COVID-19. Furthermore, differences in opinion, facts, and implementation methods laid additional layers of complexities in this battle against survival. Thus, a timely overview of the recent, important, and overall inclusive developments against this pandemic is a pressing need for better understanding and dealing with COVID-19. In this review, we have systematically summarized the epidemiological studies, clinical features, biological properties, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities, and preventive measurements related to COVID-19.

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“…Live attenuated vaccines (LAVS) utilize viruses that are unable to reproduce in cell cultures. Intact bacteria within an inactivated virus are killed by chemicals such as formaldehyde or by heat inactivation [21][22][23]. LAVS, displaying immunogenic characteristics, can "replicate the threshold of pregnancy and cellular immunosuppression caused by live viral infections [24]."…”

Section: Live Attenuated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Progress Made on the Coronavirus Vaccine

2020

E3S Web Conf.

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The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a critical economic crash around the globe, affecting billions of people worldwide. Without a cure, the number of cases continues to increase exponentially. Countries, including the United States, Brazil, and India, currently lead in the number of cases with numbers soaring in the millions. Immunization is crucial to preventing the spread of infectious diseases and can help a large number of individuals quickly while keeping current cases under control. Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, vaccine development has been accelerated at an unprecedented rate. 115 vaccine candidates are currently under study with the hope of finding an ideal solution and mitigating the Coronavirus incidence rate. With some vaccine candidates having more potential than others, this review focuses on the characterization of different vaccine options. The analysis of probable vaccines, including mRNA vaccines and adenovirus vaccines, is conducted, and the scientific reasoning behind the vaccines is also discussed. In this review, the latest strategy vaccine is introduced and the effective vaccines are analysed.

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Ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines

Cited by 283 publications

References 2 publications

Targeting the SphK-S1P-SIPR Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

Targeting the SphK-S1P-SIPR Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

“Tomorrow Never Dies”: Recent Advances in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention Modalities against Coronavirus (COVID-19) amid Controversies

An Overview of the Progress Made on the Coronavirus Vaccine

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