Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in México

Delgado-González, R.A.; Meza-Herrera, C.A.; González-Álvarez, Vicente Homero; Alvarado-Espino, A.S.; Contreras-Villareal, V.; Gaytán, Leticia; Arellano-Rodriguez, G.; Véliz-Deras, Francisco Gerardo

doi:10.18805/ijar.b-875

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Calves and periparturient cows were selected randomly and were asymptomatic at the time of sampling. Sample size was determined using a prevalence rate of 30% from previous study in Mexico [17], with a 5% level of significance and based on the sensitivity and specificity of the test at 85%. The minimum number of samples taken from each farm was six, depending on the herd size.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mexico, there is little information about the prevalence of Salmonella enterica in apparently healthy cattle and farm environments, the diversity of serovars associated with livestock, and the presence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes [17,18]. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Salmonella enterica in dairy systems, examine the serovars and sequence types, and evaluate the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes circulating in 13 states of Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico

Barrera,

Vázquez-Flores,

Needle

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Salmonella isolated from dairy farms has a significant effect on animal health and productivity. Different serogroups of Salmonella affect both human and bovine cattle causing illness in both reservoirs. Dairy cows and calves can be silent Salmonella shedders, increasing the possibility of dispensing Salmonella within the farm. The aim of this study was to determine the genomic characteristics of Salmonella isolates from dairy farms and to detect the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. A total of 377 samples were collected in a cross-sectional study from calves, periparturient cow feces, and maternity beds in 55 dairy farms from the states of Aguascalientes, Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Mexico, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, and Zacatecas. Twenty Salmonella isolates were selected as representative strains for whole genome sequencing. The serological classification of the strains was able to assign groups to only 12 isolates, but with only 5 of those being consistent with the genomic serotyping. The most prevalent serovar was Salmonella Montevideo followed by Salmonella Meleagridis. All isolates presented the chromosomal aac(6′)-Iaa gene that confers resistance to aminoglycosides. The antibiotic resistance genes qnrB19, qnrA1, sul2, aph(6)-Id, aph(3)-ld, dfrA1, tetA, tetC, flor2, sul1_15, mph(A), aadA2, blaCARB, and qacE were identified. Ten pathogenicity islands were identified, and the most prevalent plasmid was Col(pHAD28). The main source of Salmonella enterica is the maternity areas, where periparturient shedders are contaminants and perpetuate the pathogen within the dairy in manure, sand, and concrete surfaces. This study demonstrated the necessity of implementing One Health control actions to diminish the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant and virulent pathogens including Salmonella.

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Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico

Barrera,

Vázquez-Flores,

Needle

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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“…are the most common endemic microorganisms implicated in neonatal calf diarrhea [4]. These infectious agents, alone or in combination with other infections, can cause diarrhea in calves [1,[5][6][7]. Many factors contribute in the occurrence of diarrhea in newborn calves, including the number of animals in the farm, colostrum intake, vaccination program and umbilical cord problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, hematological and some biochemical alterations during diarrhea in Friesian calves naturally infected with E. coli and Salmonella

Shehta

El-Zahar

Mansour

et al. 2022

Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci

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Background This study aimed to assess the clinical and hemato-biochemical changes associated with diarrhea in E. coli and Salmonella pathogens in Friesian bovine calves less than one month old as well as to examine the relationship between Vit D3 and cardiac biomarkers. Results The study was carried out on 43 Friesian calves from a private farm in Ash Sharqia Governorate, 33 diarrheic calves aged 1–14 days with an average body weight 43.7 ± 1.2 kg, and 10 apparently healthy calves were kept as a control group to investigate the clinical and hemato-biochemical profiles. E. coli and Salmonella pathogens were isolated from the diarrheic calves where 76% were E. coli and 24% were Salmonella. Diarrheic calves showed signs of anorexia, weakness, dullness, staggering gait, pale mucous membranes with sunken eyes and dehydration. Analysis of clinical and hemato-biochemical profile of the diarrheic calves revealed significant increase in body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, white blood cells, neutrophils, serum potassium, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, cardiac NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin I with significant decrease in hemoglobin, packed cell volume, erythrocytes, serum Vit D3, sodium, glucose, total protein and albumin concentrations. Conclusions It could be concluded that bacterial diarrhea has a severe negative impact on the clinical and hemato-biochemical profile of the neonatal calves with diarrhea. Serum cardiac biomarkers such as cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) and NT-proBNP were significantly higher in neonatal calves with diarrhea, and there is an important relationship between cardiac biomarkers and vitamin D levels.

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Erciyes Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesi’ne 2019-2021 Yılları Arasında Getirilen Neonatal İshalli Bu-zağılarda Majör Enteropatojenlerin Yaygınlığının Araştırılması

Ekinci

TÜFEKÇİ

Onmaz

et al. 2022

Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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This retrospective study aimed to determine the incidence rates of BRV, BCoV, E. coli K99+, Cryptosporidi-umspp. and Giardia spp. in calves with neonatal diarrhea brought to the Erciyes University, Animal Hospital from farms in Kayseri and its surrounding provinces between 01 August 2019 and 31 August 2021. It was determined that a total of 1839 calves were brought to hospital between the periods above. Of the 1839 calves, 863 were brought to the Rumi-nant Clinic of Internal Medicine, and 560 of 863 calves (65%) had clinical signs of diarrhea. From the stool samples, BCoV (21.7%) were the most diagnosed single enteropathogen followed by; Cryptosporidium spp. (18.3%), ETEC K99+ (F5) (14.3%), BRV (11.4%) and Giardia spp. (0.6%). As for more than one enteropathogen, Cryptosporidium spp. +BRV (8.0%) were the mostly diagnosed and followed by; BRV+BCoV (7.4%), Cryptosporidium spp. +BCoV (6.3%), BRV+ETEC K99+ (1.1%), BRV+BCoV+Cryptosporidium spp.. Diarrhea caused by ETEC K99+ (34.7%) was the most common at 1-7 day-old calves and Cryptosporidium spp. (23.9%) was the most common at 8-14 days calves. In spring and winter seasons, BCoV (22.5%, 25.5%, respectively) was diagnosed mostly and in summer and autumn seasons mostly Cryptosporidium spp. (26.9%, 31.8%, respectively) was diagnosed. As a result, it was revealed that calf diar-rhea caused by BCoV was the most common in calves with neonatal diarrhea brought to Erciyes University Animal Hospital from Kayseri and its surrounding provinces between 2019-2021 years. It was concluded that the prevalence of enteropathogens may vary depending on various factors such as sampling place, time, season and the findings obtained from this study may be useful in taking necessary prophylactic and managerial measures for the prevention of calf diarrhea.

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Enteropathogens in Holstein calves with diarrhea during the first five weeks of age in México

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico

Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico

Clinical, hematological and some biochemical alterations during diarrhea in Friesian calves naturally infected with E. coli and Salmonella

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesi’ne 2019-2021 Yılları Arasında Getirilen Neonatal İshalli Bu-zağılarda Majör Enteropatojenlerin Yaygınlığının Araştırılması

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