Enterotoxin production by staphylococci isolated from healthy goats

Valle, Javier; Gómez-Lucı́a, Esperanza; Píriz, Segundo; Goyache, J.; Orden, José A.; Vadillo, S.

doi:10.1128/aem.56.5.1323-1326.1990

Cited by 119 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A predominance of SEB and SEC production amongst strains tested agrees, in part, with published reports where SEC and S E 3 were considered the prevalent enterotoxins produced by strains of S. aureus isolated from the milk of cattle, goats and sheep (GARCIA et al, 1980;BAUTISTA et al, 1988;VALLE et al, 1990). A comparison should, however, only be made to other studies when due consideration is given to the possible sources of strains of S. aureus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Studies have reported the enterotoxigenicity of S. aureus strains isolated from normal and mastitic milk elsewhere (OLSVIK et al, 1981;KATO and KUME, 1980;VALLE et al, 1990). The incidence of enterotoxin production and types of enterotoxins reported have been variable as these are affected by the growth and detection systems used (ROBBINS et al, 1974;ADESIYUN et al, 1992a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitic Milk: Bacteriophage and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility, and Enterotoxigenicity

Adesiyun

1995

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitic milk in Trinidad were examined for their susceptibility to bacteriophages and antimicrobial agents and their ability to produce enterotoxins. Phage 42D was used to screen for bovine strains of S. aureus in milk. Of 250 strains tested, 224 (89.6%) were sensitive to phages in the international phage set (IPS), 85 (34.0%) were resistant to antimicrobial agents and 134 (53.6%) were enterotoxigenic. Strains lysed by phages in various groups (mixed) were prevalent, 145 (58.0%), followed by strains sensitive to groups III (17.0%) and I (8.8%) phages. A total of 72 (28.8%) strains were lysed by phage 42D either alone or with others. Resistance to penicillin was most common with 59 (23.6%) strains while 44 (17.6%) and 43 (17.2%) strains were resistant to ampicillin and triple sulphur respectively. Only 3 (1.2%) strains were resistant to methicillin. Prevalence of resistance to penicillin (12.5%) amongst phage 42D‐sensitive strains was significantly (P ≤ 0.01; X2) lower than for strains not lysed by phage 42D (28.1%) but strains susceptible to phage 42D were significantly (P ≤ 0.05; X2) more resistant (4.2%) to methicillin than those not lysed by the phage (0.0%). Amongst 134 enterotoxigenic strains, 32 (23.9%), 77 (57.5%), 67 (50.0%) and 21 (15.7%) produced staphylococcal enterotoxins A(SEA), B(SEB), C(SEC) and D(SED) respectively either alone or mixed. SEB and SEC were significantly (P ≤ 0.01; X2) more produced than either SEA or SED. Strains lysed by groups IV, i.e. 42D (62.5%), and III (56.7%) were more enterotoxigenic than those sensitive to phages in groups II (45.5%) and non‐typable (46.2%) but the differences were not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.05; X2). Strains lysed by group II phages (72.7%) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05; X2) more resistant to antimicrobial agents than those lysed by phage 42D (18.8%). It was concluded that bovine mastitis strains of S. aureus in Trinidad were highly susceptible to bacteriophages and antimicrobial agents and enterotoxigenic and less than one‐third may be considered to be bovine strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitic Milk: Bacteriophage and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility, and Enterotoxigenicity

Adesiyun

1995

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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“…fragi is a well-known food-spoilage organism (Jay 1996) and Staph. xylosus has been found to produce entero- toxins (Valle et al 1990), the main interest in these organisms in this study was as co-colonizing organisms for L. monocytogenes. Sasahara and Zottola (1993) found that, when L. monocytogenes was grown in mixed culture with Ps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The growth and resistance to sodium hypochlorite of Listeria monocytogenes in a steady-state multispecies biofilm

2000

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. GI LM O UR . 2000. A constant-depth film fermenter (CDFF) was used to culture a steady-state multispecies biofilm consisting of one strain each of Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas fragi and Staphylococcus xylosus. These bacteria were initially grown together in a conventional chemostat to achieve a steady state before being inoculated into the CDFF over an 18-h period. A dilute tryptone soya broth (TSB) medium was supplied to the CDFF and the biofilm allowed to develop over a 28-d period. This mature biofilm was then subjected to increasing levels of sodium hypochlorite solution to measure any antimicrobial effect. The three organisms were seen to reach a steady state after 6 d in the chemostat before being transferred to the CDFF where the mature multispecies biofilm reached steady state at 17 d. Listeria monocytogenes in both planktonic and biofilm growth stabilized at 1·8 and 1·5%, respectively, of the total plate counts, while Ps. fragi and Staph. xylosus were the predominant organisms in the biofilm at 59% and 39·5%, respectively, of the total microbial population. Steady-state biofilms in the CDFF were exposed to increasing strengths of sodium hypochlorite; 200, 500 and 1000 p.p.m. free chlorine, but a substantial two-log cycle drop in bacterial numbers was only achieved at 1000 p.p.m. free chlorine. In planktonic culture all three organisms were completely eliminated when exposed to 10 p.p.m. free chlorine for a 30-s period.

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“…Generally, CNS has been considered less pathogenic than S. aureus, but we detected a high percentage of SEC-producing CNS isolated from no clinical signs-and chronic mastitic-MGS. It was reported that SEC-producing CNS species, such as S. simulans, S. chromogenes and S. xylosus were isolated from healthy and mastitic ruminants [28,35]. Moreover, CNS isolated from bovine and goat MGS produced other virulence factors, such as hemolysin and cytotoxic factors [4,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations and Specific Antibodies to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-C and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 in Bovine Mammary Gland Secretions, and Inflammatory Response to the Intramammary Inoculation of These Toxins

Kuroishi¹,

Komine²,

Kai³

et al. 2003

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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To investigate the pathological role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in bovine mastitis, the production of SEs and TSST-1 was investigated in staphylococci isolated from 120 mammary gland secretions (MGS, 51 from no clinical sign-mammary glands and 69 from staphylococcal mastitic-mammary glands) collected from dairy farms where staphylococcal mastitis frequently occurred in Miyagi and Yamagata prefectures from 1997 to 1998. Concentrations of these toxins and specific antibody titers in each MGS were also measured. Furthermore, SEC and TSST-1 were inoculated into lactating mammary glands and inflammatory responses were analyzed. A high percentage of staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from both no clinical sign- and mastitic-MGS produced both SEC and/or TSST-1. The concentration of SEC increased with the severity of the mastitis, and was significantly higher (P<0.05) in acute mastitic-than in no clinical signs-MGS. Titers of specific antibodies to TSST-1 in MGS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those to SEC, regardless of whether or not the cows were lactating or mastitic. Specific antibodies purified from MGS neutralized each toxin in vitro. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in somatic cell counts was induced by the intramammary inoculation of SEC but not TSST-1. These findings indicated that SEC rather than TSST-1 plays an important role in the pathology of staphylococcal bovine mastitis. The inflammatory activity of TSST-1 was probably neutralized by specific antibodies in MGS.

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Enterotoxin production by staphylococci isolated from healthy goats

Cited by 119 publications

References 38 publications

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitic Milk: Bacteriophage and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility, and Enterotoxigenicity

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitic Milk: Bacteriophage and Antimicrobial Agent Susceptibility, and Enterotoxigenicity

The growth and resistance to sodium hypochlorite of Listeria monocytogenes in a steady-state multispecies biofilm

Concentrations and Specific Antibodies to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-C and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 in Bovine Mammary Gland Secretions, and Inflammatory Response to the Intramammary Inoculation of These Toxins

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