Enterovirus D68 and Human Respiratory Infections

Zou, Xiang; Wang, Jianwei

doi:10.1055/s-0036-1584795

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…EV-D68 belongs to enterovirus D. As a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, EV-D68 has a genome that contains a single open reading frame coding for a poly-protein (P1), the precursor of four viral capsid proteins, VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4, and seven non-structural proteins, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D. VP1 and VP3 are the major antigenic epitopes 2 , 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional seroepidemiology study of EV-D68 in China

Sun

Gao

Hu³

et al. 2018

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Enterovirus 68 (EV-D68) is associated with respiratory diseases, such as acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), pneumonia, neurological diseases, and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). In recent years, there have been global outbreaks of EV-D68 epidemics. However, there is no effective vaccine against EV-D68, and the understanding of the seroprevalence characteristics of EV-D68 is limited. To evaluate the epidemiological features of this emerging infection in mainland China, serum samples from 20 pairs of pregnant women and their neonates, 405 infants and children (ages 1 month–15 years), and 50 adults were collected to measure EV-D68 neutralizing antibodies (NtAbs). The results showed that the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of pregnant women and their neonates were 168 (95%CI: 93.6–301.7) and 162.3 (95%CI: 89.9–293.1), respectively. The seroprevalence rate of EV-D68 antibodies was negatively correlated with age in 1-month-old to 12-month-old infants (84% for 1-month-old infants vs 10% for 1-year-old infants), whereas it was positively correlated with age for 1-year-old to 15-year-old children (10% for 1-year-old children vs 92% for 15-year-old children). This study evaluated maternal antibodies against EV-D68 in neonates. Our results showed that if mothers had high levels of anti-EV-D68 NtAbs, the NtAbs titers in their neonates were also high. The GMTs and seroprevalence rates of each age group indicated that EV-D68 infection was very common in China. Periodical EV-D68 seroprevalence surveys and vaccination campaigns should be the top priority for preventing EV-D68 infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional seroepidemiology study of EV-D68 in China

Sun

Gao

Hu³

et al. 2018

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“… 1 , 2 As a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, EV-D68 genome contains a single open reading frame coding for a polyprotein, which is ultimately cleaved into four viral capsid proteins VP1–VP4 and seven non-structural proteins 2A–2C, 3A–3D by its proteases 2A and 3C. 3 VP1, VP2 and VP3 harbor the epitopes for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of enterovirus D68 infection in China

Zou

Ren

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Human enterovirus 68 (EV-D68) is a rarely reported virus that has been linked to respiratory disease. In recent years, reports about EV-D68 infection have markedly increased worldwide. However, the epidemiological features of this emerging infection are not well understood. To evaluate the emerging EV-D68 epidemic, we isolated the circulating viral strain and investigated the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in Beijing between 2004 and 2011. We found that the titers of EV-D68 NAbs were generally low in all age groups in sampled populations in 2004 but significantly higher in 2009. From 2007 to 2011, the NAbs against EV-D68 significantly increased over time. These findings indicate that EV-D68 has spread widely in the Chinese population in recent years, although only a limited number of cases were reported.

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“…Detection of other enteroviruses reflects PCR cross-reactivity due to nucleotide conservation at the 5ʹ-untranslated target region [ 42 , 43 ]. EV-D68, CVB3, CVB2, and E19 have been associated with respiratory disease or detected in respiratory samples [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Intensity of Rhinovirus Invasions in Kilifi, Coastal Kenya, Over a 12-Year Period, 2007–2018

Morobe

Kamau

Murunga

et al. 2021

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Rhinoviruses (RVs) are ubiquitous pathogens and the principal etiological agents of common cold. Despite the high frequency of RV infections, data describing their long-term epidemiological patterns in a defined population remain limited. Methods Here, we analysed 1,070 VP4/VP2 genomic region sequences sampled at Kilifi County Hospital on the Kenya Coast. The samples were collected between 2007 and 2018 from hospitalised paediatric patients (< 60 months) with acute respiratory illness. Results Of 7,231 children enrolled, RV was detected in 1,497 (20.7%) and VP4/VP2 sequences were recovered from 1,070 samples (71.5%). A total of 144 different RV types were identified (67 Rhinovirus A, 18 Rhinovirus B and 59 Rhinovirus C) and at any month, several types co-circulated with alternating predominance. Within types multiple genetically divergent variants were observed. Ongoing RV infections through time appeared to be a combination of (i) persistent types (observed up to seven consecutive months), (ii) reintroduced genetically distinct variants and (iii) new invasions (average of eight new types, annually). Conclusion Sustained RV presence in the Kilifi community is mainly due to frequent invasion by new types and variants rather than continuous transmission of locally established types/variants.

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Enterovirus D68 and Human Respiratory Infections

Cited by 20 publications

References 72 publications

A cross-sectional seroepidemiology study of EV-D68 in China

A cross-sectional seroepidemiology study of EV-D68 in China

Seroepidemiology of enterovirus D68 infection in China

Trends and Intensity of Rhinovirus Invasions in Kilifi, Coastal Kenya, Over a 12-Year Period, 2007–2018

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