Enteroviruses: Classification, diseases they cause, and approaches to development of antiviral drugs

Nikonov, Oleg; Chernykh, E. S.; Garber, Maria; Nikonova, E. Yu.

doi:10.1134/s0006297917130041

Cited by 72 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Enteroviruses (EVs) are small naked viruses belonging to the family Picornaviridae [1]. Their genome consists of a unique molecule of single-stranded RNA of about 7,500 nucleotides (nt) in length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of recently discovered enterovirus D type 111

et al. 2019

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Members of the species Enterovirus D (EV-D) remain poorly studied. The two first EV-D types (EV-D68 and EV-D70) have regularly caused outbreaks in humans since their discovery five decades ago but have been neglected until the recent occurrence of severe respiratory diseases due to EV-D68. The three other known EV-D types (EV-D94, EV-D111 and EV-D120) were discovered in the 2000s-2010s in Africa and have never been observed elsewhere. One strain of EV-D111 and all known EV-D120s were detected in stool samples of wild non-human primates, suggesting that these viruses could be zoonotic viruses. To date, EV-D111s are only known through partial genetic sequences of the few strains that have been identified so far. In an attempt to bring new pieces to the puzzle, we genetically characterized four EV-D111 strains (among the seven that have been reported until now). We observed that the EV-D111 strains from human samples and the unique simian EV-D111 strain were not phylogenetically distinct, thus suggesting a recent zoonotic transmission. We also discovered evidences of probable intertypic genetic recombination events between EV-D111s and EV-D94s. As recombination can only happen in co-infected cells, this suggests that EV-D94s and EV-D111s share common replication sites in the infected hosts. These sites could be located in the gut since the phenotypic analysis we performed showed that, contrary to EV-D68s and like EV-D94s, EV-D111s are resistant to acid pHs. We also found that EV-D111s induce strong cytopathic effects on L20B cells, a cell line routinely used to specifically detect polioviruses. An active circulation of EV-D111s among humans could then induce a high number of false-positive detection of polioviruses, which could be particularly problematic in Central Africa, where EV-D111 circulates and which is a key region for poliovirus eradication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of recently discovered enterovirus D type 111

et al. 2019

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“…MS1 was scanned from m/z 300 to m/z 1400. For HCD MS/MS acquisition, a resolution of 17,500 was used with Auto Gain Control of 5e 5 and a maximum injection time of 100 ms. The lowest mass was set at m/z 140.…”

Section: Lc-ms/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enteroviruses are one of the leading causes of human disease worldwide. Classified in the Picornaviridae family, the enterovirus genus comprises over 300 genotypes grouped into 10 enterovirus (EV) species (EV-A to EV-J) and three rhinovirus (RV) species (RV-A to RV-C) (reviewed in [5]). The enteroviruses cause a range of diseases, including the common cold (human rhinoviruses [HRV]), hand-foot-and-mouth disease (Coxsackievirus, enterovirus A71 [EV71], and others), acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (enterovirus D70 [EV70]), poliomyelitis (poliovirus), and recent outbreaks of acute flaccid paralysis (possibly associated with enterovirus D68 and others).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the proteolytic landscape during enterovirus infection

et al. 2020

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Viruses cleave cellular proteins to remodel the host proteome. The study of these cleavages has revealed mechanisms of immune evasion, resource exploitation, and pathogenesis. However, the full extent of virus-induced proteolysis in infected cells is unknown, mainly because until recently the technology for a global view of proteolysis within cells was lacking. Here, we report the first comprehensive catalog of proteins cleaved upon enterovirus infection and identify the sites within proteins where the cleavages occur. We employed multiple strategies to confirm protein cleavages and assigned them to one of the two enteroviral proteases. Detailed characterization of one substrate, LSM14A, a p body protein with a role in antiviral immunity, showed that cleavage of this protein disrupts its antiviral function. This study yields a new depth of information about the host interface with a group of viruses that are both important biological tools and significant agents of disease.

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“…EV belong to the family Picornaviridae, are positive-sense single-stranded-RNA and have a capsid that measures between 15 and 30 nm in diameter. These viruses can cause asymptomatic infections as well as a wide variety of diseases that may be of short duration or more severe, such as meningitis [49], [50], [51].…”

Section: Enterovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Don’t put your head under water’: enteric viruses in Brazilian recreational waters

Girardi

Demoliner

Gularte

et al. 2019

New Microbes and New Infections

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Like in many other countries, virologic analyses are not routinely performed in Brazil in monitoring water quality for recreational purposes. We surveyed current research regarding viral contamination of recreational water environments in Brazil. Among the enteric viruses studied in Brazilian recreational waters, we highlight adenoviruses, rotaviruses, enteroviruses and noroviruses. Although there has been relatively little research on outbreaks related to bathing in recreational water environments in Brazil, noroviruses and adenoviruses are the viruses that are most often related to outbreaks. Better surveillance of the occurrence of enteric viruses in water could improve the assessment of risk to human health as well as indicate the sources of contamination and thus demonstrate the importance of adequate environmental sanitation.

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Enteroviruses: Classification, diseases they cause, and approaches to development of antiviral drugs

Cited by 72 publications

References 152 publications

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of recently discovered enterovirus D type 111

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of recently discovered enterovirus D type 111

Defining the proteolytic landscape during enterovirus infection

‘Don’t put your head under water’: enteric viruses in Brazilian recreational waters

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