Safety, punctuality and efficiency are the basic requirements for high-speed railway transportation organizations. As the nerve center of the high-speed railway system, high-speed railway dispatching system is a modern control and management system which ensure the operation safety, punctuality and efficiently and organize and command the high-speed train operation and daily production activities. Guaranteeing the security and strengthening the security management of the dispatching system is the basic premise to realize the safety of high-speed railway transportation. This article analyzed the potential security risks in the dispatching system from two aspects-the system making factors person-machine-environment-information-decision and safety management, and based on it provide the suggestions and opinions about the security construction of high-speed railway dispatching system.