Entomofauna acuática del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Pacífico colombiano, con énfasis en Ephemeroptera y Plecoptera

Abstract

Aquatic entomofauna from Gorgona National Natural Park, Colombian Pacific, with emphasis in Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Gorgona is a Colombian continental island that biogeographically belongs in the Choco region. This work constitutes a first approximation to the aquatic insects, with emphasis in Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera: distribution, ecology, and associations to the continental mainland. Between October 2010 and June 2011, immature and adult specimens were collected in five streams of the island´s Western sector using entomological nets, Malaise traps, and light traps. A total of nine orders, 28 families, 39 genera and 16 species of aquatic insects were found. New geographical records for Gorgona include: Dytiscidae (Coleoptera), Zelusia, Farrodes and Terpides (Ephemeroptera), Leucotrichia and Wormaldia (Trichoptera), Laccodytes, Neoelmis and Pheneps (Coleoptera), Maruina and Limonia (Diptera). As part of this study, four new species for each, Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera, were found. Leptohyphes jodiannae, L. maculatus and Hagenulopsis esmeralda are recorded for the first time for Colombia. Farrodes caribbianus, F. roundsi, Hagenulopsis zunigae, Zelusia principalis and Anacroneuria choco are reported for the first time for the National Park. The high abundance of families, genera, and species is similar to that of low order streams in the tropic mainland, particularly those associated to the Choco bio-geographical province. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (Suppl. 1): 221-241. Epub 2014 February 01.

Leptophlebiidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Gorgona Island National Natural Park (Tropical Eastern Pacific, Colombia) with the description of two new species

“…6(B)). type material collected in mountainous protected areas from the Eastern and Western Andes from Colombia Zu´n˜iga et al, 2014). Nymphs of this genus could not be associated with the adults found in Gorgona, they inhabited all the streams, but at a low abundance.…”

“…In spite of Thraulodes being one of the most diverse and abundant genera of the Americas, this constitutes the fourth species recorded from Colombia; this is surely due to the lack of taxonomic research on this genus in the region (Domı´nguez et al, 2013;Zu´n˜iga et al, 2014). The three species previously recorded from the country are Thraulodes colombiae (Walker, 1853), Thraulodes laetus (Eaton, 1883), and Thraulodes papilionis Traver and Edmunds (1967).…”

“…Scientific research in Gorgona NNP has focused on plants, mammals and birds but works on the abundance, richness, diversity and distribution of insects are scarce (Longo-Sa´nchez and Blanco, 2014;Zu´n˜iga et al, 2014). The extreme pluviosity, around 6000 mm in a year, and annual evapotranspiration rate of 1500 mm cause a positive net hydric balance.…”

“…Longo-Sa´nchez and Blanco (2014) described ecological variables structuring the aquatic entomofauna at three different spatial scales. These works used immature stages and a taxonomic resolution at the generic level, but Zu´n˜iga et al (2014) actualized the systematic knowledge of the aquatic insects from Gorgona working at the species level in Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera; this work also presented new elements for the study of the faunistic relationships of the island with continental mainland.…”

Three new species of Leptohyphes Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae) from Colombia

“…Six species are recorded, mainly in the Andean range of the country: L. albipennis Molineri & Zúñiga, 2006, L. ecuador Mayo, 1968(Dias et al, 2011, Leptohyphes jodiannae Allen, 1967 (Zúñiga et al, 2014), Leptohyphes maculatus Allen, 1967 (Molineri, 2010;Zúñiga et al, 2014) and L. nigripennis Molineri & Zúñiga, 2006(Molineri, 2010. All these species are known from both stages, except L. jodiannae (only known from nymphs).…”