Environment-Friendly Composite Propellants Based on Ammonium Dinitramide

Gettwert, Volker; Weiser, Volker; Tagliabue, Claudio; Hafner, Sven; Fischer, Sebastian

doi:10.1615/intjenergeticmaterialschemprop.2019027826

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The utilization of the high energetic oxidizer, such as ammonium dinitramide (ADN), gives several desirable characteristics when employed in solid rocket propellants and explosives. In this work, ADN [ 34 , 35 ], one kind of green oxidizer with high energy and an OB of 25.8%, was introduced into the NC matrix to compose a system with high reactivity that behaves in the way that thermite does. Additionally, the high explosives RDX and CL-20 were also introduced to improve the total energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Electrospinning Prepared Nitrocellulose (NC)-Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)-Based Composite Fibers

Wang¹,

Xu²,

Deng³

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoscale composite energetic materials (CEMs) based on oxidizer and fuel have potential advantages in energy adjustment and regulation through oxygen balance (OB) change. The micro- and nanosized fibers based on nano nitrocellulose (NC)-ammonium dinitramide (ADN) were prepared by the electrospinning technique, and the morphology, thermal stability, combustion behaviors, and mechanical sensitivity of the fibers were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gas pressure measurement of thermostatic decomposition, laser ignition, and sensitivity tests. The results showed that the prepared fibers with fluffy 3D macrostructure were constructed by the overlap of micro/nanofibers with the energetic particles embedded in the NC matrix. The first exothermic peak temperature (Tp) of the samples containing ADN decreased by 10.1 °C at most compared to that of ADN, and the pressure rise time of all the samples containing ADN moved forward compared to that of the sample containing NC only. Furthermore, ADN can decrease the ignition delay time of NC-based fibers under atmosphere at room temperature from 33 ms to 9 ms and can enhance the burning intensity of NC-based fibers under normal pressure. In addition, compared to the single high explosive CL-20 or RDX, the mechanical sensitivities of the composite materials containing high explosive CL-20 or RDX were much decreased. The positive oxygen balance of ADN and the intensive interactions between ADN and NC can reduce the ignition delay time and promote the burning reaction intensity of NC-based composite fibers, while the mechanical sensitivities of composite fibers could be improved.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Electrospinning Prepared Nitrocellulose (NC)-Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)-Based Composite Fibers

Wang¹,

Xu²,

Deng³

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The recent trend on the application of more environmental friendly propellants [1,2] is being realized, predominantly, by complete or partial substitution of ammonium perchlorate (AP) to chlorine-free oxidizers like ammonium nitrate (AN) or hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) or ammonium dinitramide (AND) [1,3]. AN is considered to be a promising oxidizer due to the low cost and wide availability [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Aluminum Powders: IV. Effect of Nanometals on the Combustion of Aluminized Ammonium Nitrate‐Based Solid Propellants

Gromov

Popenko

Sergienko

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study is devoted to the investigation of the energetic properties of two types of aluminized solid propellants with inert and active binders modified by additives of six different metal nanopowders. The substitution of an inert binder for the active one resulted in significant improvement of energetic properties. However, burning rate regulation become more complicated because the pressure exponent in burning rate law was increased as well. The DSC analysis revealed that the most significant catalytic effects were observed while using Zn, Cu, and Mo powders. Combustion of compositions based on an inert combustible binder and ammonium nitrate was studied in the pressure range 0.1–10.0 MPa. Due to the low combustion rate, no dispersion of burning aluminum particles was observed. During combustion, a single agglomerate of aluminum particles was formed, the mass of which was about 96 % of the initial aluminum mass in the formulation. A comparative analysis of nanosized metal additive effect on the propellant's combustion process was performed. It had been found that the activity of the metal nanopowders depends on the propellant formulation. It had been shown that Al and Zn did not affect the combustion rate of propellant with inert binder but they were effective in compositions with an active binder. Cu and Ni were found to be a good catalyst for the ammonium nitrate and active binder decomposition.

show abstract

Making Progress Towards »Green« Propellants – Part II

Dejeaifve¹,

Sarbach²,

Roduit³

et al. 2020

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrate‐ester based propellants require stabilisers in order to maintain good chemical stability and to prevent oxidation, chain scission, energy loss and uncontrolled heat generation that are caused by homolytic and heterolytic cleavage of the weakest nitrogen‐oxygen bond of the nitrate ester functional group. With REACH legislation (1907/2006), industry in Europe has made progress in using less toxic compounds, that are often more environmentally‐friendly. This work aims to go beyond REACH and to anticipate the inclusion of other molecules that produce non‐ or less toxic daughter products and that can fulfil their role in the propellant's formulation. This paper is the follow‐up to a first paper, presenting six families of “green” stabilisers, which are novel, environmentally friendly, efficient and readily available for use in nitrocellulose‐based compositions. In this article we present the validated lower temperature shelf life predictions for propellants containing the new stabilisers, using heat flow calorimetry (HFC). It will be necessary to modify AOP48 in the near future to be able to include these new stabilisers that provide much better performances than conventional ones (longer shelf lives of propellants) and are also respectful of the environment and human health.

show abstract

Environment-Friendly Composite Propellants Based on Ammonium Dinitramide

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Electrospinning Prepared Nitrocellulose (NC)-Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)-Based Composite Fibers

Characterization of Electrospinning Prepared Nitrocellulose (NC)-Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)-Based Composite Fibers

Characterization of Aluminum Powders: IV. Effect of Nanometals on the Combustion of Aluminized Ammonium Nitrate‐Based Solid Propellants

Making Progress Towards »Green« Propellants – Part II

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About