Environmental and climatic conditions at a potential Glacial refugial site of tree species near the Southern Alpine glaciers. New insights from multiproxy sedimentary studies at Lago della Costa (Euganean Hills, Northeastern Italy)

Kaltenrieder, Petra; Belis, Claudio A.; Hofstetter, Simone; Ammann, Brigitta; Ravazzi, Cesare; Tinner, Willy

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.05.025

Cited by 74 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼ 23 000-19 000 cal yr BP) small and isolated forest patches had survived locally in unglaciated areas of northern Italy, as is unambiguously shown by well-dated high-resolution macrofossil and pollen records (e.g. Kaltenrieder et al, 2009). This suggests that in the warmest areas of northern Italy temperatures never fell significantly below 10 • C during the summers of the LGM, since July air temperatures below 10 • C usually limit tree and forest growth (Lang, 1994).…”

Section: Reconstructed Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Climate warming and vegetation response after Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps

et al. 2012

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Section: Reconstructed Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Climate warming and vegetation response after Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps

et al. 2012

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“…1000 mm. Location of pollen sites discussed in the paper for the Alps and northern Italy -1: Lake Lavarone (Filippi et al, 2007); 2: Lake Lucone ; 3: Passo del Tonale (Gehrig, 1997); 4: Valle di Sol (Favilli et al, 2010); 5: Lake Tovel (Gottardini et al, 2004); 6: Palù di Sonico (Gehrig, 1997); 7: Pian di Gembro (Pini, 2002); 8: Totenmoos (Heiss et al, 2005); 9: Palughetto Cansiglio Plateau (Vescovi et al, 2007); 10: Lago di Fimon (Valsecchi et al, 2008); 11: Lago della Costa (Kaltenrieder et al, 2009(Kaltenrieder et al, , 2010; 12: Lago di Annone (Wick and Möhl, 2006); 13: Lej da San Murezzan (Gobet et al, 2003); 14: Lago Ragogna (Monegato et al, 2007); 15: Lago di Origlio (Tinner et al, 1999); 16: Balladrum (Hofstetter et al, 2006); 17: Piano ; 18: Gerzensee (Lotter et al, 2000); 19: Soppensee (Lotter, 1999); 20: Lobsigensee (Tinner and Vescovi, 2005); 21: Lago Piccolo di Avigliana ; 22: Lago del Greppo ; 23: Lago dell'Accesa (Drescher-Schneider et al, 2007). (c) Catchment area of Lake Ledro (dotted line).…”

Section: Study Areaunclassified

“…Kaltenrieder et al (2009) Vescovi et al (2007) found that Pinus pollen grains are transported from lowlands. The Pinus percentage is higher at Ledro (up to 80 %), so we assume that Pinus (pines) reached lake elevation.…”

Section: Vegetation Changes Before and During The Lateglacial Interstadementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A growing body of evidence suggests that these species survived the cold phases in the Po Plain and along the south-eastern Alpine border (Vescovi et al, 2007Kaltenrieder et al, 2009Kaltenrieder et al, , 2010. The spread of Abies, however, may have been different with the possible persistence at high altitudes in the southern slope of the Alps (Hofstetter et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spread of Abies, however, may have been different with the possible persistence at high altitudes in the southern slope of the Alps (Hofstetter et al, 2006). To address this question, researchers are searching for studies that meet three criteria: (1) they have to be located in the key zone of south-eastern Alps, which was a potential route for tree immigration from southern Italy and the Balkans and for comparison with the nearby potential Euganean Hills refuge (Kaltenrieder et al, 2009); (2) a palaeovegetational archive must be present at highchronological and temporal resolution for the Lateglacial; (3) and pollen grains must be received from a large range of altitudes in its catchment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate and vegetation changes during the Lateglacial and early–middle Holocene at Lake Ledro (southern Alps, Italy)

et al. 2013

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Adding to the on-going debate regarding vegetation recolonisation (more particularly the timing) in Europe and climate change since the Lateglacial, this study investigates a long sediment core (LL081) from Lake Ledro (652 m a.s.l., southern Alps, Italy). Environmental changes were reconstructed using multiproxy analysis (pollen-based vegetation and climate reconstruction, lake levels, magnetic susceptibility and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements) recorded climate and land-use changes during the Lateglacial and early–middle Holocene. The well-dated and high-resolution pollen record of Lake Ledro is compared with vegetation records from the southern and northern Alps to trace the history of tree species distribution. An altitude-dependent progressive time delay of the first continuous occurrence of Abies (fir) and of the Larix (larch) development has been observed since the Lateglacial in the southern Alps. This pattern suggests that the mid-altitude Lake Ledro area was not a refuge and that trees originated from lowlands or hilly areas (e.g. Euganean Hills) in northern Italy. Preboreal oscillations (ca. 11 000 cal BP), Boreal oscillations (ca. 10 200, 9300 cal BP) and the 8.2 kyr cold event suggest a centennial-scale climate forcing in the studied area. Picea (spruce) expansion occurred preferentially around 10 200 and 8200 cal BP in the south-eastern Alps, and therefore reflects the long-lasting cumulative effects of successive boreal and the 8.2 kyr cold event. The extension of Abies is contemporaneous with the 8.2 kyr event, but its development in the southern Alps benefits from the wettest interval 8200–7300 cal BP evidenced in high lake levels, flood activity and pollen-based climate reconstructions. Since ca. 7500 cal BP, a weak signal of pollen-based anthropogenic activities suggest weak human impact. The period between ca. 5700 and ca. 4100 cal BP is considered as a transition period to colder and wetter conditions (particularly during summers) that favoured a dense beech (Fagus) forest development which in return caused a distinctive yew (Taxus) decline. We conclude that climate was the dominant factor controlling vegetation changes and erosion processes during the early and middle Holocene (up to ca. 4100 cal BP)

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Asymmetric hybridization in Cordulegaster (Odonata: Cordulegastridae): Secondary postglacial contact and the possible role of mechanical constraints

Solano

Hardersen²,

Audisio

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Two Cordulegaster dragonflies present in Italy, the Palaearctic and northern distributed Cordulegaster boltonii and the endemic to the south of the peninsula Cordulegaster trinacriae, meet in central Italy and give rise to individuals of intermediate morphology. By means of mitochondrial and nuclear markers and of Geometric Morphometrics applied to sexual appendages, we defined i) the geographical boundaries between the two species in Italy and ii) we determined the presence, the extent, and the genetic characteristics of the hybridization. Genetic data evidenced asymmetric hybridization with the males of C. trinacriae able to mate both interspecifically and intraspecifically. The results contrast with expectations under neutral gene introgression and sexual selection. This data, along with the morphological evidence of significant differences in size and shape of sexual appendages between the males of the two species, seem indicative of the role of mechanical constraints in intraspecific matings. The origin of the two species is dated about to 1.32 Mya and the hybridization resulted related to range expansion of the two species after Last Glacial Maximum and this led to the secondary contact between the two taxa in central Italy. At last, our results indicate that the range of C. trinacriae, a threatened and protected species, has been moving northward probably driven by climate changes. As a result, the latter species is currently intruding into the range of C. boltonii. The hybrid area is quite extended and the hybrids seem well adapted to the environment. From a conservation point of view, even if C. trinacriae has a strong genetic identity, the discovery of hybridization between the two species should be considered in a future species management.

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Environmental and climatic conditions at a potential Glacial refugial site of tree species near the Southern Alpine glaciers. New insights from multiproxy sedimentary studies at Lago della Costa (Euganean Hills, Northeastern Italy)

Cited by 74 publications

References 83 publications

Climate warming and vegetation response after Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps

Climate warming and vegetation response after Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps

Climate and vegetation changes during the Lateglacial and early–middle Holocene at Lake Ledro (southern Alps, Italy)

Asymmetric hybridization in Cordulegaster (Odonata: Cordulegastridae): Secondary postglacial contact and the possible role of mechanical constraints

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