Environmental engineering approach for ecologization of plant protection systems

Abstract

The need for environmentally friendly products is growing every year. In 2018, a law was adopted. And a program for growing organic apple fruits is now being developed. Obtaining such products without the use of pesticides or with a minimum amount of them is possible by replacing chemical insecticides with biological ones and / or using non-chemical measures to combat insects, in particular, since insecticides are the most toxic component of the general system of apple protection from a complex of harmful organisms. The use of various biological agents, along with protecting the environment and human health, ensures high technical and economic efficiency. To protect orchards from pests, diseases and weeds, spraying is carried out 20 … 22 times during a season. The level of pesticide load is quite high, which is a factor of not only environmental but also economic stress. Due to the peculiarities of the relief in the North Caucasus, the gardens are in close proximity to settlements, resorts and health resorts, in the vicinity of protected and resort areas. Therefore, the issues of safety of any production, relevant on a global scale, arise in this territory with particular urgency. In this regard, this article presents the results of using elements of organic agriculture in horticulture to obtain environmentally friendly fruit products in the conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus region.

Ensuring the environmental safety of food when using biological products in the protection of cabbage agrocenosis

“…Inappropriate use of chemical plant protection products led to an exacerbation of a complex of negative phenomena in agriculture [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. As an environmentally safe alternative to chemical plant protection products, biological products are included in the system of protection of agricultural plants.…”

Theoretical foundations for designing complexes of anti-erosion measures in the natural and anthropogenic conditions of the area

“…The volume of spring runoff is calculated according to the dependence: 2 and on the watersheds of the forest-steppe and steppe zones with an area 1<50 km 2 < v F determined by the formula:…”

“…The main principle in the agricultural development of new and the use of previously developed territories should be the preservation and reproduction of natural elements of the ecological infrastructure in order to fully use and restore the properties of self-regulation and self-organization inherent in the natural landscape [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Greening of the agricultural sector as a condition for sustainable development of the Russian economy

“…This approach is reflected in the general policy of resource use and environmental protection and available legal and economic instruments. The main task of the Russian economy in the medium and long term is to move away from the raw material model of the economy [9,10].…”