Environmental Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Urban Water Mines (Porto, NW Portugal)

Afonso, María José; Freitas, Liliana; Pereira, Alcides; Neves, Luís; Guimarães, Laura; Guilhermino, Lúcia; Mayer, Bernhard; Rocha, Fernando; Marques, Jorge S.; Chaminé, Helder I.

doi:10.3390/w8110499

Cited by 23 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…In Northern Portugal, urban water systems were absent or seriously degraded, in quantity and quality, by flawed sanitation infrastructures and hygiene practices only set out in the early 19th century (see, e.g., References [57][58][59][60][61][62], and references therein).…”

Section: General Setting and Hydroclimatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Groundwater Studies in a Small-Scale Urban Area: Case Study from the Municipality of Penafiel (NW Portugal)

et al. 2020

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The occurrence of groundwater in urban hard rock areas is mostly controlled by secondary permeability caused by the fracturing degree and weathering grade. Vulnerability GIS-mapping, monitoring, and infiltration/recharge of water resources, and the delineation of the environmental protective background are key issues in evaluating, planning, managing, and decision-making for urban water systems. A small-scale urban area in Penafiel City was used as a case study. Historical and current scenarios were compared using hydrogeological GIS-based modelling. Water sources and potential contamination sources were mapped around the study area. Groundwater is mainly acidic, with a low mineralization and a Cl-Na to Cl-SO4-Na or Cl-Ca to Cl-SO4-Ca hydrogeochemical facies. Considering potential contamination sources, the moderate and the moderate-high classes dominate the area. The combined approach of the vulnerability indexes suggests that most of the area has a low to moderate vulnerability to contamination. The Infiltration Potential Index in urban areas (IPI-urban) indicates the prevalence of a low to moderate infiltration. Groundwater recharge evaluation indicates values < 2.3 mm/year and <60 mm/year for summer and winter scenarios, respectively. Finally, the investigation addresses insights for decision-makers for the appropriate planning and sustainable management of groundwater resources in small-scale urban areas.

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Section: General Setting and Hydroclimatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Groundwater Studies in a Small-Scale Urban Area: Case Study from the Municipality of Penafiel (NW Portugal)

et al. 2020

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“…DRASTIC index [16] is the most well-known method for assessing groundwater vulnerability to pollution at municipal, national, and even continental scales [44,45]. The acronym DRASTIC stands for seven factors that control groundwater vulnerability according to Aller et al [16]: Depth to Groundwater (D), Net Recharge (R), Aquifer Media (A), Soil Media (S), Topography (T), Impact of the vadose zone (I), and Hydraulic Conductivity (C).…”

Section: Drasticmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Open Source GIS-Based Application for the Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution

2019

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Groundwater is a crucial natural resource for regular socio-economic function. Groundwater vulnerability to pollution can be assessed through Geographical Information System (GIS)-based qualitative methods. GIS-based tools, dedicated to the assessment of groundwater vulnerability, usually present several limitations, such as high cost, unavailable code, and a lack of functionality concerning the flexible application of vulnerability indices and vulnerability map comparison. The objective of this work was to create a new GIS-based open source application for groundwater vulnerability assessment, GVTool, developed using QGIS software, with the capability of creating and comparing groundwater vulnerability maps considering four different methods: DRASTIC, GOD, SINTACS, and Susceptibility Index (SI). This application incorporates features from a previous tool, DRASTIC Model, and new functionalities were included, namely three additional vulnerability assessment methods, map comparative analysis, map statistics, and index interval reclassification and symbology definition. The GVTool functionalities and capabilities are illustrated through a groundwater vulnerability assessment in Serra da Estrela mountain (Central Portugal). GVTool is mostly useful in integrated assessments, helping to verify if the groundwater vulnerability maps are accurate and to decide which is the most suitable method or the combination of methods to express groundwater vulnerability to pollution in a specific area.

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“…Drinking water is the most important natural resource necessary for human life and economic prosperity [1,2]. The reservoirs of drinking water are important areas for the people who depend on them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Method Based on the Entropy Weight Method and Its Application in the Water Environmental Safety Evaluation of the Heshangshan Drinking Water Source Area, Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Ding

Xiao

Bao³

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The safety of drinking water from source areas is an important issue, and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method is a useful evaluation approach. However, it has limitations due to its complicated calculation, as well as the effects of subjective factors on the results. The objective of the research is to develop an effective method with more objective results for tackling water environmental evaluation problems in drinking water source areas. In this study, a new method-i.e., the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method based on the entropy weight method-was proposed; a water environmental safety evaluation index system was built, and then the water environmental safety of the Heshangshan drinking water source area was evaluated. The results indicated that the water environment of the study area was substantially safe. Furthermore, water-saving measurements should be taken, the industrial structure should be optimized, investment in environmental protection should be increased, and the utilization ratio of water resources should be improved. It can be concluded that the proposed approaches were feasible and reasonable. It is the first attempt to develop such an evaluation method and index system for water environmental safety evaluation, which can provide references and decision support for the related researchers and managers.

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Environmental Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Urban Water Mines (Porto, NW Portugal)

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Integrative Groundwater Studies in a Small-Scale Urban Area: Case Study from the Municipality of Penafiel (NW Portugal)

Integrative Groundwater Studies in a Small-Scale Urban Area: Case Study from the Municipality of Penafiel (NW Portugal)

An Open Source GIS-Based Application for the Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution

Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Method Based on the Entropy Weight Method and Its Application in the Water Environmental Safety Evaluation of the Heshangshan Drinking Water Source Area, Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

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