Environmental Interaction and The Genetics of Flowering

Murfet, Ian C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.28.060177.001345

Cited by 95 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Substantial effort has been devoted to characterizing the ways in which different plant species sense and respond to these environmental variables (1,2,6,15,26), but the molecular mechanisms involved in floral induction remain unknown. Genetic analysis of species which are polymorphic for flowering time has been useful in revealing the action of some of the genes involved in the control of flower initiation (1,13,18). However, the interpretation of the effects of these genes has been complicated by the lack of isogenic lines and the lack of a method for identifying the genes or the gene products affected by the mutations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Light Quality and Vernalization on Late-Flowering Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Martı́nez-Zapater¹,

Somerville²

1990

Plant Physiol.

147

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We have analyzed the response to vernalization and light quality of six classes of late-flowering mutants (fb, fca, fe, fg, ft, and fy) previously isolated following mutagenesis of the early Landsberg race of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. When grown in continuous fluorescent illumination, four mutants (fca, fe, ft, and fy) and the Landsberg wild type exhibited a reduction in both flowering time and leaf number following 6 weeks of vemalization. A significant decrease in flowering time was also observed for all the mutants and the wild type when constant fluorescent illumination was supplemented with irradiation enriched in the red and far red regions of the spectrum. In the most extreme case, the late-flowering phenotype of the fca mutant was completely suppressed by vernalization, suggesting that this mutation has a direct effect on flowering. The fe and fy mutants also showed a more pronounced response than wild type to both vernalization and incandescent supplementation. The ft mutant showed a similar response to that of the wild type. The fb and fg mutants were substantially less sensitive to these treatments. These results are interpreted in the context of a multifactorial pathway for induction of flowering, in which the various mutations affect different steps of the pathway.Light quality, photoperiod, and low temperature are among the most important environmental factors which affect the onset of flowering in plants (2,5,9). Substantial effort has been devoted to characterizing the ways in which different plant species sense and respond to these environmental variables (1,2,6,15,26), but the molecular mechanisms involved in floral induction remain unknown. Genetic analysis of species which are polymorphic for flowering time has been useful in revealing the action of some of the genes involved in the control of flower initiation (1,13,18). However, the interpretation of the effects of these genes has been complicated by the lack of isogenic lines and the lack of a method for identifying the genes or the gene products affected by the mutations. In these respects, Arabidopsis is an attractive model species for a genetic analysis of flowering because the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Light Quality and Vernalization on Late-Flowering Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Martı́nez-Zapater¹,

Somerville²

1990

Plant Physiol.

147

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“…Certamente as relações entre alguns dos componentes deste sistema são obscuras e difíceis de serem traçadas (MURFET, 1977).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Indução do florescimento de Hemerocallis hybrida cv. Graziela Barroso pela aplicação de ácido giberélico

et al. 2009

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“…Morphogenesis and genetics of flowering in relation to photoperiodism and temperature in several plants and crops have been studied (Zeevaart, 1962(Zeevaart, , 1976Hesketh et al, 1969;Murfet, 1977;Bernier, 1988). Genes controlling flowering in peas, sorghum and soybeans were identified (Quinby, 1973;Quinby et al, 1973;Murfet 1977Murfet , 1989).…”

Section: Plant Responses To Daylength (Photoperiodism) and Discovery mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genes controlling flowering in peas, sorghum and soybeans were identified (Quinby, 1973;Quinby et al, 1973;Murfet 1977Murfet , 1989). This research was reviewed recently by Begonia and Begonia (2007).…”

Section: Plant Responses To Daylength (Photoperiodism) and Discovery mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of basic research in plant/crop physiology in relation to crop improvement: a review and a personal account

El‐Sharkawy

2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Utilidade da pesquisa básica em fisiologia vegetal e em fisiologia da produção em relação ao melhoramento das culturas: uma revisão e uma análise pessoal: A pesquisa e o desenvolvimento agrícola têm função essencial no desenvolvimento econômico das nações, provendo segurança alimentar para uma população em constante crescimento demográfico. Em países desenvolvidos, as lacunas entre a produção potencial e a produção real são sobremodo estreitas, devido a uma combinação de tecnologias avançadas, novas variedades altamente produtivas e aplicação de agroquímicos em sistemas de produção altamente mecanizados. Na maioria daqueles países, a produção agrícola supera a demanda nacional, resultando em excedentes para a exportação. Em muitos países em desenvolvimento, entretanto, a produtividade agrícola está ainda muito abaixo de seu potencial devido a limitações técnicas e sócio-econômicas. Déficit alimentar é a norma em países pobres e subdesenvolvidos, os quais requerem vultosas importações de alimentos. Para aliviar parcialmente essa situação, pesquisas de cunho agrícola devem ser reforçadas. Como ramos das ciências básicas, a fisiologia vegetal e a fisiologia da produção têm sido freqüentemente criticadas por não traduzirem seus resultados de pesquisa em melhoria da produtividade. Este artigo é focado nesse tema, apresentando uma avaliação das realizações pretéritas da pesquisa fisiológica e de seus impactos sobre o melhoramento das culturas e sobre a produção de alimentos. Discutem-se deficiências e limitações de pesquisas isoladas e de pouca relevância, juntamente com opiniões do cientista sobre como pesquisas efetivas na área da fisiologia devem ser conduzidas e integradas dentro de equipes de pesquisa multidisciplinares associadas ao melhoramento vegetal. Exemplos de pesquisas de sucesso na fisiologia da produção e suas contribuições para aumentar a produtividade agrícola são apresentados. Todos esses aspectos apontam para a necessidade de pronto financiamento da pesquisa básica por setores públicos e privados de países desenvolvidos. Palavras-chave: agricultura, ecofisiologia, ecossistemas, estresse hídrico, fotoperíodo, fotossíntese C 4 , hormônios, melhoramento, produtividade, solo, tolerância à seca Agricultural research and development plays an essential role in a nation s economic development, providing for food security for an ever-increasing population. In developed countries, the gap between potential and actual yield is largely closed because of a combination of advanced technologies, high-yielding new varieties and the application of agrochemicals in highly mechanized production systems. In most of these countries, agricultural production exceeds national demand, resulting in excess products for export. In many of the developing countries, however, agricultural productivity is still far below what it should be because of multiple technical and socio-economic constraints. Food deficits are the norm in poor and middle-income countries, requiring expensive food imports. To partially alleviate this situati...

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Environmental Interaction and The Genetics of Flowering

Cited by 95 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of Light Quality and Vernalization on Late-Flowering Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Effect of Light Quality and Vernalization on Late-Flowering Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Indução do florescimento de Hemerocallis hybrida cv. Graziela Barroso pela aplicação de ácido giberélico

Utility of basic research in plant/crop physiology in relation to crop improvement: a review and a personal account

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