Environmental Lead Is a Problem in Lima, Peru

Jacoby, Enrique

doi:10.2307/3433949

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…13 This value differs from the results of our study, most likely due to selection bias in the Ramírez study, or its use of poor laboratory methods, or an error in its reporting of units for lead measurements. The second study reported a mean blood lead level of 11.7 µg/dl among 40 young children, 14 a value which is in agreement with our results. This last study included an external laboratory control provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Determinants of blood-lead levels in children in Callao and Lima metropolitan area

Espinoza¹,

Hernández-Ávila

Narciso³

et al. 2003

Salud pública Méx

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To determine blood lead levels in urban populations of children (n=2 510) and women (n=874) in the early postpartum in certain districts of Lima and Callao, and to correlate those levels with particular exposures. Material and Methods. Between July 1998 and January 1999 cross sectional study was conducted. The study population was selected using three sampling strategies in the government operated school system and from public pediatric and maternity hospitals at Lima and Callao, Peru. Study personnel were trained to collect finger stick blood samples with a protocol that minimizes external lead contamination. Lead determinations in blood and environmental samples were performed at the study site using portable anodic striping voltamenters. To determine the simultaneous effects of different predictors on blood lead levels, multivariate regression models were used to estimate adjusted mean differences. Results. The mean blood lead level in the children studied was 9.9 µg/dl ranging from I µg/dl to 64 µg/dl with 29% of the children displaying values greater than 10 µg/dl and 9.4% at levels greater than 20 µg/dl. Among the women, the mean was 3.5 µg/dl (SD=2.4 µg/dl), and 2.4% (n=21) Entre julio de 1998 y enero de 1999 se llevó a cabo una encuesta en el área metropolitana de Lima y en El Callao, Perú. La población de estudio fue identificada mediante tres estrategias de muestreo y con la cual se seleccionaron escuelas públicas y hospitales pediátricos y gineco-obstétricos. El personal que participó en el estudio recibió entrenamiento para la técnica de punción digital y puso especial énfasis en controlar la contaminación externa con plomo. Las determinaciones del metal en sangre y muestras ambientales se llevaron a cabo utilizando voltametría anódica. Para determinar los efectos simultá-neos de diferentes predictores sobre los niveles de plomo en sangre se usaron modelos de regresión multivariada para estimar diferencias de media y ajustadas. Resultados. Los niveles promedio de plomo en sangre fueron de 9.9 µg/dl de una variación entre 0 y 64 µg/dl. El 29 y 9.4% de los niños presentaron valores por encima de 10Determinants of blood-lead levels in children in Callao and Lima metropolitan area Rocío Espinoza, MD,(1) Mauricio Hernández-Avila, MD, MPh, ScD, (2) Juan Narciso, Eng, (1) Carmen Castañaga, MD,Shirley Moscoso, Biól,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Determinants of blood-lead levels in children in Callao and Lima metropolitan area

Espinoza¹,

Hernández-Ávila

Narciso³

et al. 2003

Salud pública Méx

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“…Although the Peruvian Ministry of Health has implemented an annual maximum air concentration limit of 0.5 mg/ m 3 , there are consistent monthly violations of this limit in the capital city of Lima [Jacoby, 1998]. Due in part to airborne sources of lead contamination in the Lima metropolis, the average children's blood lead level in the Lima area was estimated at approximately 10 mg/dl, although adults measured about a third of this value [Hernandez-Avila, 1999].…”

Section: Lead In Perumentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of a portable blood lead analyzer in workers living at a high altitude: A follow‐up investigation

Taylor

Ashley

Jones

et al. 2004

American J Industrial Med

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The results from this investigation were significantly different from the previous study, which was conducted near sea level. The exact causes for the discrepancies between the portable ASV results from the two studies are unclear, but are thought to be related to differences in blood chemistry between the Midwestern United States and Peruvian Andes worker cohorts. Portable ASV blood lead measurements from populations living at high altitudes should be viewed with caution. Am. J. Ind. Med. 46:656-662, 2004. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Estimating the global burden of disease of mild mental retardation and cardiovascular diseases from environmental lead exposure

Fewtrell

Prüss‐Üstün

Landrigan

et al. 2004

Environmental Research

237

137

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Environmental Lead Is a Problem in Lima, Peru

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Determinants of blood-lead levels in children in Callao and Lima metropolitan area

Determinants of blood-lead levels in children in Callao and Lima metropolitan area

Field evaluation of a portable blood lead analyzer in workers living at a high altitude: A follow‐up investigation

Estimating the global burden of disease of mild mental retardation and cardiovascular diseases from environmental lead exposure

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