Environmental pollution, hydropower energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from G7 countries

Bildirici, Melike; Gokmenoglu, Seyit M.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.052

Cited by 208 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Accordingly, many studies provide various solutions to these threats . Heavy dependence on fossil fuel and high production volume of pollutants and wastes and mismanagement of these pollutants and limit refinement of nature have caused environmental crisis . For example, using fossil fuel for economic activities—from manufacturing to agricultural industries—led to GHG emissions from almost all regions of the world .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Ardabili

Najafi

Shamshirband³

2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The aim of present study is to develop an accessible accurate estimation of CN based on fatty acid methyl esters and to provide a proper solution for presenting a user‐friendly method. In fact, this study calculates the density, viscosity, and HHV based on FAMEs and predicts the CN by employing fuzzy method within a set. This is an interesting approach that has not been used in similar articles. Gaussian membership functions with 81 roles were employed to develop the fuzzy model. The model was developed based on Carbon number, Double bond, Saponification number, and Iodine value to predict the CN. Performance factors of r, RMSE, MAE, and R2 were calculated as 0.9912, 1.0723, 0.63427, and 0.9828, respectively to predict the CN. The results of FAMEs effect on properties of biodiesel showed, increasing Carbon number of FAMEs increases the CN, viscosity, and HHV, but increasing the number of Double bonds decreases CN, viscosity, and HHV. While the effect of increasing Carbon number of FAMEs on density was vice versa. Based on results, C16:00, C18:00, C18:1, and C18:02 FAMEs are approximately in components of all conventional oils; therefore, they can be effective on physical properties of biodiesels. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: 584–599, 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Ardabili

Najafi

Shamshirband³

2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The heavy dependence on fossil fuels, the high production volume of pollutants, the waste from and mismanagement of these pollutants, and the limited nature of their refinement have caused an environmental crisis (Bildirici & Gökmenoğlu, 2016;Franco, Mandla, & Rao, 2017). For example, using fossil fuels for different activities such as manufacturing and agricultural industries has led to greenhouse gas emissions being generated in almost every region in the world (Ben Jebli & Ben Youssef, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of ANNs, ANFIS and RSM to estimating and optimizing the parameters that affect the yield and cost of biodiesel production

Najafi

Ardabili

Shamshirband

et al. 2018

Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics

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Biodiesel can easily be used as an alternative fuel in diesel engines. It is environmentally friendly and can be produced from low-cost feedstocks such as waste cooking oil (WCO). WCO contains a significant amount of free fatty acid, which is extracted by a two-step process of converting the free fatty acid by acid catalysis (H 2 S0 4) and converting the triglycerides using an NaOH catalyst. Currently, the major challenge for the industrial production of biodiesel is optimizing the yield while meeting American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. In this study, experiments were performed to optimize the reaction conditions. The studied experimental parameters were the alcohol types (methanol, ethanol), the alcohol-to-oil molar ratio (AOMR; 3:1, 6:1, 9:1), the amount of catalyst (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt% of the oil), the temperature of the reaction (50, 60, 70, 80°C), the mixing intensity (300, 600, 900 rpm), and the reaction time (30, 60, 90 min). The biodiesel production yield (BPY) was optimized based on the experimental data. The optimum value of the BPY based on methanol is 95.92%, which is obtained at 73.80°C, with a reaction time of 74.02 min, an AOMR of 6.58:1, a catalyst concentration of 1.13 and a mixing intensity of 824.45 rpm. In the case of ethanol, the optimum BPY is 95.53%. which is obtained at 64.96°C, with a reaction time of 88.02 min, an AOMR of 7.005:1, a catalyst concentration of 1.25 and a mixing intensity of 592.18 rpm. These results of biodiesel production were confirmed by the experimental data.

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“…When the total amount of CO 2 emissions in metric tons emitted from the consumption is analyzed, G7 countries are responsible for 56% of total CO 2 emission and United States (U.S.) for 31%. The United Kingdom and Germany share the second order after USA in G7 countries .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of militarization and economic growth on biofuels consumption and CO₂ emissions: The evidence from Brazil, China, and US

Bildirici

2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The relation among CO2 emissions, economic growth, militarization, and biofuel consumption were analyzed from 1985 to 2015 period for Brazil, China, and US. It was used to The Autoregressive Distributed lag and three supplementary long‐run estimators: the Dynamic OLS, Canonical Cointegration Regression, and Fully Modified OLS to reveal the long run impacts between variables. Toda and Yamamoto's MWALD and Rao F tests were applied to find out the direction of causality. The evidence of bidirectional causality between biofuel consumption and economic growth, between economic growth and CO2 emissions was determined. The results of forecast‐error variance determined 25% of FEV of biofuel consumption is explained by CO2 emissions, while around 51% of the FEV of CO2 emissions is explained by the FEV of militarization in China and US, and 31% in Brazil. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1121–1131, 2018

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Environmental pollution, hydropower energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from G7 countries

Cited by 208 publications

References 39 publications

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Application of ANNs, ANFIS and RSM to estimating and optimizing the parameters that affect the yield and cost of biodiesel production

Impact of militarization and economic growth on biofuels consumption and CO₂ emissions: The evidence from Brazil, China, and US

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Environmental pollution, hydropower energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from G7 countries

Cited by 208 publications

References 39 publications

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Fuzzy logic method for the prediction of cetane number using carbon number, double bounds, iodic, and saponification values of biodiesel fuels

Application of ANNs, ANFIS and RSM to estimating and optimizing the parameters that affect the yield and cost of biodiesel production

Impact of militarization and economic growth on biofuels consumption and CO2 emissions: The evidence from Brazil, China, and US

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Impact of militarization and economic growth on biofuels consumption and CO₂ emissions: The evidence from Brazil, China, and US