Environmental poverty, a decomposed environmental Kuznets curve, and alternatives: Sustainability lessons from China

Liu, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.025

Cited by 69 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Dominant interests, such as extractive industries, may influence what is politically feasible, resulting in a failure to deliver sustainability [41,42,44,46,49,58,60,73,81,93,[95][96][97]. An unstable political climate or corruption can further limit success [37,49,53,56,59,67,74,77,96,98]. An example was identified by Marcoux and Urpelainen [96], who found that corruption in some Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries led to the overuse of agricultural pesticides.…”

Section: Interrelated Structural Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, economic development objectives were prioritised over environmental concerns or policies [32,37,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49]52,56,57,60,65,67,73,76,88,90,106,119]. Bromley [65] found that setting pollution targets in the USA resulted in a policy 'lock-in' that was not able to respond to a dynamic market.…”

Section: Implementation Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third cause was low levels of economic development and the impacts of development on the environment, particularly in Asia and Africa [37,48,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. As Boadi [53] found, waste disposal, water supply and pollution in the urban areas of Africa were still a significant and growing concern due to poor economic performance limiting the human and material resources available to deal with problems.…”

Section: Interrelated Structural Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first was the inadequacy or absence of consultation with the affected community [30,41,45,49,56,60,78,79,[81][82][83][84]94,95,98,99,103,110,115,120,122]. The second was a failure to adequately involve the community in the policy process [32,36,57,59,65,73,77,98,104,123].…”

Section: Implementation Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?

et al. 2017

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For a generation, governments around the world have been committed to sustainable development as a policy goal. This has been supported by an array of new policies ranging from international agreements, to national strategies, environmental laws at many levels of government, regional programs, and local plans. Despite these efforts, decades of scientific monitoring indicate that the world is no closer to environmental sustainability and in many respects the situation is getting worse. This paper argues that a significant contributing factor to this situation is policy implementation failure. A systematic review of the literature reveals that the failure to achieve the intended outcomes of environmental policies is due to economic, political and communication factors. Conflict between the objectives of environmental policies and those focused on economic development, a lack of incentives to implement environmental policies, and a failure to communicate objectives to key stakeholders are all key factors that contribute to the inability to attain environmental sustainability.

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Section: Interrelated Structural Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interrelated Structural Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implementation Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?

et al. 2017

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“…Rather than economic growth constraining environmental degradation, there would be a reversal or upturn of the Kuznets curve towards an earlier stage of development (cf. Liu 2012). Such a bleak prospect calls for the rapid involvement of scientists, stakeholders and politicians to negotiate a management plan for the BCZ.…”

Section: Social and Biophysical Driversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent changes in ecosystem services and human well-being in the Bangladesh coastal zone

et al. 2015

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This study takes an historical approach in order to establish how the form and function of the social-ecological system that represents the Bangladesh south-western coastal zone has changed over recent decades. Time series data for a range of ecosystem services and drivers are analysed to define the range of trends, the presence of change points, slow and fast variables and the significant drivers of change. Since the 1980s, increasing gross domestic product and per capita income mirror rising levels of food and inland fish production. As a result, the size of population below the poverty line has reduced by *17 %. In contrast, non-food ecosystem services such as water availability, water quality and land stability have deteriorated. Conversion of rice fields to shrimp farms is almost certainly a factor in increasing soil and surface water salinity. Most of the services experienced statistically significant change points between 1975 and 1980, and among the services, water availability, shrimp farming and maintenance of biodiversity appear to have passed tipping points. An environmental Kuznets curve analysis suggests that the point at which growing economic wealth feeds back into effective environmental protection has not yet been reached for water resources. Trends in indicators of ecosystem services and human well-being point to widespread non-stationary dynamics governed by slowly changing variables with an increased likelihood of systemic threshold changes/tipping points in the near future. The results will feed into simulation models and strategies that can define alternative and sustainable paths for land management.

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Relating Environmental Performance of Nation States to Income and Income Inequality

Morse

2017

Sustainable Development

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This paper explores a number of ways in which environmental quality can be represented by indicators within empirical attempts to look for a relationship between environmental performance, income and income inequality. A total of 16 environmental performance indicators were selected where data were available at the national scale (180 countries), all of which were components of the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) published in early 2016, and included as dependent variables with income/capita (GDP/capita) and distribution of income (Gini coefficient) spanning nearly 20 years as independent variables. Data were analysed using principal component regression. The results generate a rather complex picture, whereby some of the EPI component indicators, notably those in the Environmental Health category, have a relationship with income and income distribution, while others, especially those centred on Ecosystem Vitality, do not. The paper provides some of the first published evidence for a relationship between environmental performance and income distribution and discusses some of the possible causal factors. .5 concentrations in China that high levels were associated with areas of high income.The results presented here do point to the need for more research on the causal relationships between a suite of environmental quality indicators, income and income inequality. They also point to the need to consider the distribution of income rather than solely relying on an average income.

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Environmental poverty, a decomposed environmental Kuznets curve, and alternatives: Sustainability lessons from China

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?

Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Policy Implementation Failure?

Recent changes in ecosystem services and human well-being in the Bangladesh coastal zone

Relating Environmental Performance of Nation States to Income and Income Inequality

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