Environmental toxicants cause sperm DNA fragmentation as detected by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA)

Evenson, Donald P.; Wixon, Regina

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.021

Cited by 140 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It has been assumed that fifty percent of human male infertility of unknown cause may be due to environmental and occupational exposures (Evenson and Wixon, 2005). Therefore, male reproductive dysfunction is one of the major effects of lead toxicity (Kakkar and Jaffery, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Nasr¹,

Elmadawy²,

Almadaly³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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Key words:Lead toxicity, apoptosis, male rat, testis, garlic Lead is a highly prevalent heavy metal pollutant in human and animals which has various toxicological effects on the different organs including reproductive system on particular aspect the male testis. Lead (Pb) exposure enhances the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which negatively affect testis structure and functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic supplement on daily basis and its prophylactic possibility against lead acetate induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty two adult male rats were divided to four groups, eight animals per each. All animals were maintained under standard laboratory conditions with free access to suitable diet and water supply. The 1 st group was supplied with water and diet and kept without further treatment as a negative control. The 2 nd group was treated by lead acetate( 50mg/L) daily in drinking water as a positive control. The 3 rd group was administered commercial garlic powder preparation only (200 mg/kg b.w.) by stomach tube. The 4 th group was co-treated with lead acetate in drinking water plus garlic in same doses by stomach tube. Then, all animals were scarified after 42 days for clean excision of epididymis and testes. Semen was collected and analyzed for count, motility and viability. Testicular tissues sections were prepared, stained and examined. Oxidative stress markers, SOD and MDA were determined in testicular tissue homogenate. Immunostaining was carried out on sections of testicular tissue for detection of proapoptotic markers caspase-3 and Bax expression. Finally, the level of expression of Bcl-2 and p53 genes was measured in testicular tissue samples as well. The data summary obtained from co treated group signified the protective effect of garlic against potential lead acetate induced undesired testicular apoptosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Nasr¹,

Elmadawy²,

Almadaly³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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“…A total of 20 000 events were accumulated for each sample at a flow rate of about 200 cells per second, because it is suggested that at least 5 000 events are required for consistent, reliable flow cytometric assays [22]. To minimize the inter-assay co-efficients of variation, AO equilibration buffer (400 µL of acid detergent solution and 1.2 mL of AO-staining solution) was run between every new assay as described previously [23].…”

Section: Scsa Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and incubation conditions affect the DNA integrity of ejaculated human spermatozoa

Matsuura¹,

Takeuchi²,

Yoshida³

2010

Asian J Androl

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Appropriate semen processing and assessment are critical for successful infertility treatment. We investigated whether laboratory procedures including semen preparation and incubation affect sperm DNA integrity. A total of 153 infertile men were involved. Conventional semen parameters and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameters, that is, DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) and high DNA stainability (%HDS), were assessed on the fresh ejaculated semen samples, which were treated and incubated under different conditions. Negative correlations were identified between the %DFI and sperm concentration, motility, progressive motility and morphology. A lower percentage of DFI was detected in spermatozoa when density gradient centrifugation (DGC) was followed by swimup treatment in comparison with DGC alone (P < 0.01). Although the %DFI increased in a time-dependent manner with incubation both at room temperature (RT) and at 37ºC in air, the %DFI after 24 h at RT was significantly lower than that at 37ºC (P < 0.05). Incubation with 5% CO2 was effective in maintaining sperm motility (P < 0.01); however, it induced further elevation of %DFI (P < 0.001). Thus, sperm DNA damage was associated with longer incubation periods. Interestingly, common culture conditions, such as maintaining pH and temperature, compromised the sperm DNA integrity.

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“…Recent studies suggest that sperm DNA integrity may be altered by environmental exposure to some toxic chemicals [38,39]. DNA fragmentation may be an excellent marker for exposure to potential reproductive toxicants and a diagnostic tool for male infertility [40,41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational and Lifestyle Exposures on Male Infertility: A Mini Review

Ten¹,

Mendiola²,

Torres-Cantero³

et al. 2008

TORSJ

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Human semen quality may be declining due to environmental pollutants, occupational exposures or changes in lifestyle. Nonetheless, we still know little about the impact of those factors on male fertility. Some heavy metals, volatile organic compounds or xenoestrogens may compromise reproductive male function. This process could take place along the human life cycle and not only in certain stages of development. We review the main factors that affect human male fertility and their possible influence in current human reproduction.

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Environmental toxicants cause sperm DNA fragmentation as detected by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA)

Cited by 140 publications

References 27 publications

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Preparation and incubation conditions affect the DNA integrity of ejaculated human spermatozoa

Occupational and Lifestyle Exposures on Male Infertility: A Mini Review

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