Enzymatic activity in turkey, duck, quail and chicken liver microsomes against four human cytochrome P450 prototype substrates and aflatoxin B1

Murcia, Hansen; Díaz, Gonzalo; Cepeda, Sandra M

doi:10.4081/xeno.2011.e4

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Another P450 enzyme, likely orthologous to mammalian P450 2A6, also converts AFB1 to AFBO in turkeys, chickens, ducks and quail [80][81][82]. However, the specific gene encoding this protein has not been identified in any poultry species [80][81][82][83]. These same studies implicated a P450 1A1 orthologue in AFBO production, which is likely encoded by CYP1A5 in turkeys [78,[80][81][82].…”

Section: Sensitivity: Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxicosis: Lessons from Toxicity and Responses to Aflatoxin B1 in Poultry

2015

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This review is a comprehensive introduction to the effects of poultry exposure to the toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The relationship between AFB1 sensitivity and metabolism, major direct and indirect effects of AFB1, recent studies of gene expression and transcriptome responses to exposure, and mitigation strategies to reduce toxicity are discussed. Exposure to AFB1 primarily occurs by consumption of contaminated corn, grain or other feed components. Low levels of residual AFB1 in poultry feeds can cause reduction in growth, feed conversion, egg production, and compromised immune functions, resulting in significant economic costs to producers. Thus, AFB1 acts as a "force multiplier" synergizing the adverse effects of microbial pathogens and other agents, and factors detrimental to poultry health. Domestic turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) are one of the most sensitive animals known to AFB1 due, in large part, to a combination of efficient hepatic bioactivation by cytochromes P450 1A5 and 3A37, and deficient hepatic glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-mediated detoxification. Because of their sensitivity, turkeys are a good model to investigate chemopreventive treatments and feed additives for their ability to reduce AFB1 toxicity. Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) of turkey poults (liver and spleen) has identified AFB1-induced gene expression changes in pathways of apoptosis, carcinogenesis, lipid regulation, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and antigen presentation. Current research focuses on further identifying the molecular mechanisms OPEN ACCESSAgriculture 2015, 5 743 underlying AFB1 toxicity with the goal of reducing aflatoxicosis and improving poultry health.

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Section: Sensitivity: Poultrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxicosis: Lessons from Toxicity and Responses to Aflatoxin B1 in Poultry

2015

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“…Hence, liver is the target organ for AF toxicity (Diaz et al, 2010 andMurcia et al, 2011). Dlimonene, a monoterpenoid constituent of citrus fruit oil (CFO) has inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450 enzymes, p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (pNP) and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in-vitro in liver microsomes, prevents bioactivation of procarcinogens and blocks tumour induction by chemical carcinogens (Reicks and Crankshaw, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative efficacy of citrus oil in aflatoxin induced changes in lymphoid organs in broilers-A pathomorphological evaluation

Senthilkumar

Rao

Satyanarayana

et al. 2018

IJAR

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A total of 160 day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into four groups with two replicates of 20 birds each. The birds were fed with basal diet, basal diet with CFO, basal diet with aflatoxin, basal diet with CFO and AF. Serum globulin level was significantly reduced in birds fed with AF only on 14 th day of treatment. Microscopically, mild degree of congestion, histiocytosis and cellular sparcity of the periarteriolar lymphoid component were observed in the spleen whereas lymphoid cell depletion in thymus and bursal follicles were prominent. Additionally, thymus revealed moderate degree of congestion and haemorrhages in widened medulla, histiocytosis and degeneration of Hassall's corpuscles. In CFO and AF fed birds, the extent and degree of lesions were lesser with compact arrangement of lymphoid cell with widening of cortex was observed mainly during later days of experiment. There was widening of lymphoid component of caecal tonsils up to mucosal layer in CFO fed birds.

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“…It is possible that the turkey CYP1A5 enzyme cloned by Yip & Coulombe (2006) may in fact correspond to the human CYP1A1 ortholog or, even more interesting, to both the CYP1A1 and 1A2 human orthologs. Murcia et al (2011) found a very high correlation between EROD (CYP1A1/2) and MROD (CYP1A2) activities in turkey liver microsomes (r=0.88, P<0.01) a finding that suggests that CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 activities in turkey liver are catalyzed by the same enzyme (i.e., the avian CYP1A5). The role of CYP1A5 turkey activity on the bioactivation of AFB1 in turkeys is further supported by the work of Guarisco et al (2008) who found that dietary supplementation of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) partially protected against the adverse effects of AFB1, an effect that was accompanied by a reduction in EROD and MROD activities in the liver.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 69%