Enzyme supplementation to improve the nutritional value of fibrous feed ingredients in swine diets fed in dry or liquid form1

Moran, K.; Lange, C. F. M. de; Ferket, P. R.; Fellner, V.; Wilcock, P.; Heugten, E. van

doi:10.2527/jas.2015-9855

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Additionally, the AID of CP, ash, CHO, and GE in the WSM diet was decreased with the inclusion of OCM. Similar results were also found in some previous studies, which found that the exogenous enzyme addition had negative effects on nutrient and energy digestibility in the foregut section [ 13 , 41 ]. However, on the contrary, more studies reported that the exogenous enzymes supplementation could increase the nutrient and energy digestibility for pigs fed wheat and/or wheat by-products diets [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

Zhang

Zhong

Gao

et al. 2020

Animals

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of optimal carbohydrase mixture (OCM) on macronutrients and amino acid digestibility and the digestible energy (DE) in growing pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based diet (CSM) and the wheat-soybean meal-based diet (WSM). A total of 36 ileal-cannulated pigs (50.9 ± 4.9 kg initial body weight) were allotted to four dietary treatments randomly, which included CSM and WSM diets, and two diets supplied with corresponding OCM. These OCMs were screened using an in vitro method from our previous study. After the five day adaptation period, fecal samples were collected from d six to seven, and ileal digesta samples were collected on d 8 and 10. Chromic oxide was added as an indigestible marker. The results show that the addition of OCM improved the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), ash, carbohydrate (CHO), neutral detergent fiber, and gross energy (GE) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, CHO, and GE in CSM diet (p < 0.05), but reduced the apparent hindgut disappearance (AHD) of DM in CSM diet (p < 0.05). The ATTD of DM, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, and GE and the AHD of DM, CP, EE, ash, CHO, and GE in WSM diet were improved by the OCM addition (p < 0.05), whereas the AID of DM, CP, ash, CHO, and GE were decreased (p < 0.05). The respective DE contents in CSM and WSM diets were increased from 15.45 to 15.74 MJ/kg and 15.03 to 15.49 MJ/kg under the effects of OCM (p < 0.05). Similar to the trend of AID of CP, the OCM addition increased the AID and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of Ile, Thr, and Cys in CSM diet, but decreased the AID and SID of Ile, Phe, Thr, Val, Ala, Pro, Ser, and Tyr in WSM diet. In conclusion, the OCMs screened by an in vitro method could improve the total tract nutrient digestibility and DE for pigs fed corn-based diet or wheat-based diet but had inconsistent effects on the ileal digestibility of nutrients and energy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

Zhang

Zhong

Gao

et al. 2020

Animals

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“… Zeng et al (2018) recently reported that addition of an enzyme blend (galactanase, xylanase, mannanase, α-amylase, and cellulase) improved AID, but not ATTD, of energy, NDF, and nonstarch polysaccharides ( NSP ) constituents in wheat bran containing diets. This indicates that enzyme supplementation may shift fiber degradation from the hindgut to the small intestine, which is supported by Ndou et al (2015) and Moran et al (2016) . Energy absorbed in the small intestine will be used by the pig with greater efficiency than if it is released by fermentation in the lower gut ( Patience, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

A dietary carbohydrase blend improved intestinal barrier function and growth rate in weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets1

Gabler

Loving

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary xylanase (X) and a carbohydrase enzyme blend (EB: cellulase, β-glucanase, and xylanase) on nutrient digestibility, intestinal barrier integrity, inflammatory status, and growth performance in weaned piglets fed higher fiber diets. A total of 460 pigs (6.43 ± 0.06 kg BW; F25 × 6.0 Genetiporc) were blocked by initial BW and pens (n = 12 per treatment) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. The diets included a higher fiber unsupplemented control diet (CON) and the CON supplemented with 0.01% X, 0.01% EB, or both enzymes, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. The diets were based on corn, soybean meal, corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and wheat middlings. Pigs had 7 d to adapt to the environment and consumed the same commercial diet. Pigs were fed the experimental diets for 28 d with free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed disappearance were recorded weekly. One pig with BW closest to the pen average from each pen was selected and moved to metabolism crates on day 16 and intragastric gavaged a solution of lactulose and mannitol on day 22 followed by 12-h urine collection. Feces were collected from day 23 to 25. Intestinal tissues and mucosal scrapings were collected on day 28. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS (9.4). Xylanase, EB, and their interaction were fixed effects and block was a random effect. The EB, but not X, increased pig BW and improved ADG over 28 d (P < 0.05). Neither carbohydrase impacted ADFI, G:F, or apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, GE, or CP. The EB improved ATTD of ADF (32.45 vs. 26.57%; P < 0.01), but had no effect on NDF. Unexpectedly, X reduced ATTD of NDF and ADF (P < 0.01). The EB reduced urinary lactulose:mannitol and increased ileal claudin-3 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05), indicating improved small intestinal barrier integrity. There was a X × EB interaction on ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration (P < 0.05); in the absence of X, EB decreased sIgA compared to CON, but this effect disappeared in the presence of X. The EB also reduced ileal IL-22 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05), probably indicating decreased immune activation. In conclusion, EB but not X enhanced growth rate of weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets, which may be partly explained by the improved small intestinal barrier integrity and reduced immune activation, rather than improvement in nutrient digestibility.

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“…Однак на 58 добу дослідження співвідношення між вказаним елементами у тварин ІІ-V дослідних груп було в межах 2,0-1,73:1, що свідчить про більш виражений дозозалежний вплив сполук силіцію на метаболізм Фосфору впродовж тривалішого періоду випоювання добавок. З літературних джерел (Marounek et al, 2009;El-Sagheer & Hassanein, 2014;Moran et al, 2016) відомо, що потреба мікрофлори кишечнику в деяких мінеральних елементах може бути вищою за потребу організму тварин. Очевидно сполуки силіцію у фізіологічних кількостях створюють оптимальне середовище для життєдіяльності мікрофлори сліпої та товстої кишок кролів, що сприяє їхньому росту, підвищує ферментативну активність, у результаті чого активується перетравність і засвоюваність корму та мінеральних речовин у травному каналі тварин досліджуваних груп.…”

Section: таблицяunclassified

The influence of silicium compounds on the content of calcium, phosphorus and some lipides in the plasma blood

Ivanitskaya

Lesyk

2019

SMLNUVMB

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The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of nanotechnology and sodium metasilicate on the content of total calcium and inorganic phosphorus and individual lipids in the blood of rabbits from 52 to 110 days of life. Studies were conducted on young rabbits of Hyla breed in the private sector. Rabbits for the study were selected at the age of 41 days on the principle of analogues, weighing 1.2–1.4 kg, were divided into six groups (control and five experimental), 6 animals (3 males and 3 females) in each. Animals were kept in with adjustable microclimate and illumination in mesh cages measuring 50×120×30 cm, in accordance with modern animal health standards. The control group rabbits were fed without restriction a balanced granular compound feed, with free access to water. Animals I, II, and III of the study groups were fed a control group diet and fed citrate silicon for 24 hours, with a corresponding rate of 25; 50 and 75 µg Si/kg body weight. Young animals of the IV and V experimental groups were fed wit diet of the control group and water was given sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3H2O) in the amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight, respectively. The experiment lasted 68 days, including the preparatory period of 10 days, the experimental period – 58 days. In the preparatory period – at 52 days and experimental at 83 and 110 days of life (31 and 58 days of drinking additives) in 4 animals (2 males and 2 females) from the group blood samples were taken for biochemical studies. Studies have found that the concentration of total calcium in the blood plasma of rabbits III and IV study groups was higher by 9.6 and 6.4% (P < 0.05) for 58 days of the study compared with the control, indicating the stimulating effect of the organic compound silicon to activate the processes of assimilation of this macronutrient in the body of young rabbits. Silicone citrate in the large test quantities and sodium metasilicate in the blood plasma of animals of III, IV and V experimental groups respectively increased the level of inorganic phosphorus by 35.7; 28.5 and 35.7% (P < 0.05) than controls at day 58 of the study. In the final study period, the ratio of Calcium to Phosphorus in the animals of the II – V experimental groups was in the range of 2.0–1.73: 1, indicating a more pronounced effect of silicon compounds on the metabolism of Phosphorus during a longer period of supplementation. The content of triacylglycerols in the blood plasma of rabbits II and III of the experimental groups was lower (P < 0.05) at 31 and 58 days of the study compared with the control. The results obtained may indicate the activation of the processes of metabolic accumulation of plastic components of cell membranes and energy needs of body tissues. The use of silica organic compound reduced the cholesterol content by 37% (P < 0.05) in the blood of rabbits of the III experimental group at 31 days of the study. Whereas at the final stage of the experiment in animals II; In the 3rd and 4th research groups, its level was lower by 43.4; 36.9 and 42.2% (P < 0.05) compared to the control, indicating greater use of cholesterol by the organism with silica organic compound.

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Enzyme supplementation to improve the nutritional value of fibrous feed ingredients in swine diets fed in dry or liquid form1

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

Effects of Optimal Carbohydrase Mixtures on Nutrient Digestibility and Digestible Energy of Corn- and Wheat-Based Diets in Growing Pigs

A dietary carbohydrase blend improved intestinal barrier function and growth rate in weaned pigs fed higher fiber diets1

The influence of silicium compounds on the content of calcium, phosphorus and some lipides in the plasma blood

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