Eosinophilia

Wilson, Mary E.; Weller, Peter F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3935-5.00131-2

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Though many patients remain asymptomatic, 8 to 15% of infected individuals display morbidity, with respiratory symptoms occurring 9 to 12 days after the ingestion of eggs and lasting 5 to 10 days (39,211). The severity of the clinical syndrome has been noted to correlate with the extent of worm burden (39).…”

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severity of the clinical syndrome has been noted to correlate with the extent of worm burden (39). Ingestion of A. lumbricoides eggs may occur due to the use of human feces contaminated with Ascaris eggs as fertilizer, as described in Löffler's case series (38,98,211). Infection with A. suum may take place when there is close domestic proximity between pigs and humans (38), though a prominent case series of Löffler's syndrome due to A. suum occurred in patients whose food was maliciously contaminated (144).…”

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms may include cough, dyspnea, wheeze, and hemoptysis and may progress to frank respiratory distress (98,144). Peripheral eosinophilia (i.e., absolute eosinophil count of Ͼ500/microliter) is often present at the onset of symptoms, but the peak level of eosinophilia will have a delay of several days from presentation (144,211). If necessary, definitive diagnosis can be made by recovery of Ascaris larvae from either respiratory secretions or gastric lavage fluid (144,211).…”

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peripheral eosinophilia (i.e., absolute eosinophil count of Ͼ500/microliter) is often present at the onset of symptoms, but the peak level of eosinophilia will have a delay of several days from presentation (144,211). If necessary, definitive diagnosis can be made by recovery of Ascaris larvae from either respiratory secretions or gastric lavage fluid (144,211). Eggs will not be detectable in the stool at this early stage in the nematode life cycle.…”

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While initial Strongyloides stercoralis infection by filariform larvae through a transcutaneous route may result in Löffler's syndrome, this is not a common pulmonary manifestation of strongyloidiasis (175,207,211). However, Strongyloides may cause pulmonary symptoms and infiltrates as a manifestation of chronic infection or as a result of hyperinfection in immunocompromised hosts (207).…”

Section: Strongyloidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eosinophilic Pneumonias

2012

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SUMMARY This review starts with discussions of several infectious causes of eosinophilic pneumonia, which are almost exclusively parasitic in nature. Pulmonary infections due specifically to Ascaris , hookworms, Strongyloides , Paragonimus , filariasis, and Toxocara are considered in detail. The discussion then moves to noninfectious causes of eosinophilic pulmonary infiltration, including allergic sensitization to Aspergillus , acute and chronic eosinophilic pneumonias, Churg-Strauss syndrome, hypereosinophilic syndromes, and pulmonary eosinophilia due to exposure to specific medications or toxins.

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Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ascarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strongyloidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eosinophilic Pneumonias

2012

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A two-step morphology-PCR strategy for the identification of nematode larvae recovered from muscles after artificial digestion at meat inspection

et al. 2020

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Eosinophilia

Weller¹

2020

Oxford Textbook of Medicine

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Eosinophilia (eosinophil count >0.45 × 109/litre) is associated with some infections, some allergic diseases, and a variety of other conditions, sometimes neoplastic. Parasitic diseases—eosinophilia is a characteristic feature of infection by multicellular helminth parasites (e.g. Strongyloides stercoralis) with diagnosis typically based on geographical/dietary history, serological tests, and examination of stool or tissues for parasite forms. Other diseases—eosinophilia can be caused by the fungal disease coccidioidomycosis, and modest eosinophilia may accompany retroviral infections such as HIV and HTLV-1. Common allergic diseases—asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis are associated with modest eosinophilia. Drug reactions—these are a frequent cause of eosinophilia, at times in reactions characterized by rashes and pyrexia. More severe reactions may also manifest with (1) pulmonary eosinophilia and lung infiltrates; (2) interstitial nephritis; (3) hepatitis; (4) myocarditis; (5) drug-induced hypersensitivity vasculitis; (6) gastroenterocolitis; and (7) DRESS syndrome. Other conditions—these include (1) eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; (2) hyper-IgE syndromes; (3) chronic myeloid leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia, and lymphoma; (4) a variety of pulmonary, skin, gastrointestinal, and endocrine diseases. Hypereosinophilic syndromes are defined by (1) eosinophilia (>1.5 × 109/litre) sustained over a month, (2) lack of an identifiable cause precipitating a secondary eosinophilia, and (3) symptoms and signs of organ involvement. About 30% of patients will have either a myeloproliferative condition (chronic eosinophilic leukaemia) or hypereosinophilia mediated by clonal expansion of specific T cells producing interleukin-5 (IL-5). Treatment—patients without organ damage do not require treatment. Aside from supportive care, chronic eosinophilic leukaemia may respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g. imatinib), and nonmyeloproliferative hypereosinophilic syndrome may respond to high-dose corticosteroids, with hydroxyurea, interferon-α‎ or anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody used in refractory cases.

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Eosinophilia

Cited by 5 publications

References 103 publications

Eosinophilic Pneumonias

Eosinophilic Pneumonias

A two-step morphology-PCR strategy for the identification of nematode larvae recovered from muscles after artificial digestion at meat inspection

Eosinophilia

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