Eosinophilic meningitis: what's the “diff”?

Miller, Michael A.; Menowsky, Michael; Leeson, Kimberly; Leeson, Ben

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2013.08.015

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Eosinophilic meningitis accounts for < 2% of all meningitis cases, and is mainly correlated with parasitic and fungal infections or allergic reactions to shunt material. Eosinophilic meningitis is defined by the presence of > 10 × 10 6 eosinophils/L, or when > 10% of total WBCs are eosinophils [28,29].…”

Section: Cerebrospinal Fluid (Csf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance and contemporary methods for counting blood cells in body fluids suspected of inflammatory disease

Fleming

Russcher

Lindemans

et al. 2015

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Abstract:In many inflammatory diseases, the cellular components in body fluids [cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serous fluids] are increased, rendering essential diagnostic information. The diagnostic value of the total white blood cell count (WBC) and differential count has been evaluated extensively over the years, and a remarkable amount of knowledge has been gained; yet, there is a great deal of clinical uncertainty whether the diagnosis should be based solely on these variables. In some diseases, such as peritonitis, the total WBC and differential count has high sensitivity; whereas, in differentiating pleural effusions, it lacks the sensitivity required to be clinically useful. Nevertheless, many guidelines consider these tests as cornerstone parameters, and in combination with clinical variables, they can successfully guide clinical decision making in initiating or postponing a treatment course for infection and/or inflammatory diseases while awaiting culture results. Although other methods are available for detecting and differentiating WBCs in body fluids, manual microscopy is still considered the gold standard despite its many limitations. During the last decade, automated analyzers have become a popular method for first line screening. Continued progress in their design has led to major improvements including their speed, improved accuracy and lower variability compared with microscopy. Disadvantages of this method include high imprecision in low ranges (depending on the method) and interfering factors.In a time where automation is at the front line in clinical laboratories, it is essential the results obtained are precise, accurate and reproducible. This review provides an overview of the relevance for cell counting in a variety of diagnostic body fluids, and highlights the current technologies used.

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Section: Cerebrospinal Fluid (Csf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance and contemporary methods for counting blood cells in body fluids suspected of inflammatory disease

Fleming

Russcher

Lindemans

et al. 2015

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Diagnosis of human angiostrongyliasis in a case of hydrocephalus using next-generation sequencing: a case report and literature review

Liu,

Li,

Zhu

et al. 2024

BMC Neurol

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Background Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis is a severe yet rare parasitic infection caused by the larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The primary characteristic feature of this foodborne illness in humans is eosinophilic meningitis. Recently, there has been a gradual increase in reported cases globally. Due to the lack of typical clinical symptoms, signs, and specific laboratory tests, early diagnosis of this disease poses significant challenges. Failure to diagnose and treat this condition promptly can result in fatalities. Methods We present the case of a 13-year-old male patient who initially presented with fever and headache. The patient was preliminarily diagnosed with bacterial meningitis and received treatment with antibacterial drugs. However, the patient’s condition worsened, and he developed progressive consciousness disturbances. Eventually, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing of cerebrospinal fluid samples indicated Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection. Following treatment with albendazole and prednisone, the patient made a full recovery. We include this case report as part of a literature review to emphasize the potential applications of mNGS in the early diagnosis of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. Conclusion mNGS technology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of angiostrongyliasis cantonensis. As this technology continues to evolve and be applied, we believe it will play an increasingly important role in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring angiostrongyliasis cantonensis.

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