Eosinophilic panniculitis in a female child: An unusual presentation

Abstract

Eosinophilic panniculitis (EP) is characterized by prominent infiltration of subcutaneous fat with eosinophils. The etiology is diverse. This is not a disease but represents a reaction pattern that may occur in a variety of circumstances. The exact pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. We present the case of a 6-year-old girl child who was diagnosed with EP.

Erythematous, Non-Tender Plaques on the Shins

“…EP was first described by Burket and Burket in 1985, may be triggered by a number of conditions leading to a cytokine-induced aberrant immune response[ 3 4 5 6 ] EP is a histopathological term rather than a distinct entity. There are 2 age peaks: the third decade and the sixth decade; with females more frequently affected (M:F = 3:1).…”

“…It is a self-limiting condition and shows good response to oral corticosteroids as well as dapsone. [ 3 ] Recently, EP in association with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) presenting as erythematous/brownish subcutaneous nodular lesions has been recently described. [ 9 ]…”

Eosinophilic Panniculitis Associated With COVID-19

“…It affects women more frequently than men (3:1 ratio), and its incidence peaks in the third and sixth decades of life. 2 It is a reactive process secondary to a range of stimuli, the most common of which are systemic diseases, including erythema nodosum, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, atopic dermatitis, lymphoma, insect bite-like eruptions, 3 Kimura disease, 4 and Wells syndrome. 5 It has also been linked to certain drugs, including bee venom (which is used for immunotherapy) and penicillin, 6 and to injection-site reaction following heparin administration.…”

“…Excessive production of cytokines, specifically interleukins IL-4 and IL-5, in response to these various stimuli has been proposed as a possible pathogenic mechanism, resulting in an abnormal immune response. 2 …”