Epidemic spreading on a scale-free network with awareness

Abstract

This paper presents a modified susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model with the effects of awareness and vaccination to study the epidemic spreading on scale-free networks based on the mean-field theory. In this model, when susceptible individuals receive awareness from their infected neighbor nodes, they will take vaccination measures. The theoretical analysis and the numerical simulations show that the existence of awareness and vaccination can significantly improve the epidemic threshold and reduce the risk of virus outbreaks. In addition, regardless of the existence of vaccination, the awareness can increase the spreading threshold and slow the spreading speed effectively. For a given awareness and a certain spreading rate, the total number of infections reduces with the increasing vaccination rate.

Epidemic Spreading with Heterogeneous Awareness on Human Networks

“…Obviously Θ( ) = 0 is a trivial solution of (17). To an epidemic outbreak, there must be a nonzero solution of Θ( ), satisfying…”

“…In the process of epidemic spreading, many susceptible individuals are aware of the potential risks of becoming infected and change their behavior to reduce the possibility of infection [10,11], and the awareness behavior can spread though contact or public media and other tools in the crowd [12,13]. In turn, changing of human behavior in the process of epidemic spreading also influences epidemic spreading [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For example, Funk et al [13] introduced awareness on homogeneous networks to investigate the spread of awareness and its impact on epidemic outbreaks.…”

“…Wu et al [16] focused on the three forms of awareness and explored the impact of them on epidemic spreading in a finite scale-free network. Lu et al [17] and Gong et al [18] studied epidemic spreading on scale networks considering awareness and individual vigilance, respectively. In these papers, awareness interacts with epidemic and the existence of awareness can significantly enhance the epidemic threshold or reduce the scale of virus outbreaks.…”

Bluetooth Worms Propagation in Smartphone Networks with Awareness

“…It is noted that many epidemic models with awareness have been proposed [6,[11][12][13]. Different from these studies our work focuses on how the structure of underlying network structure of awareness diffusion influences the Bluetooth dynamics.…”

An Opinion Interactive Model Based on Individual Persuasiveness

“…In the research of cognitive learning behavior of individual, Brenner [ 3 ] sums up individual's cognitive behaviors as nonconscious learning [ 4 , 5 ], routine-based learning [ 6 ], and belief learning [ 7 , 8 ] according to the strength of the individual consciousness. However, in the research of complex emergence phenomenon, many researchers have put forward a number of models according to social dynamic, which derives from statistic physics, such as opinion evolution [ 9 , 10 ], cultural dissemination [ 11 ], disease transmission [ 12 , 13 ], and the spread of rumor [ 14 , 15 ]. Among them, opinion dynamics has been a hot research field, which reflects and interprets a wide range of social phenomena ranging from collective decision making, finding and not finding of consensus, emergence of political parties, minority opinion survival, emergence of extremism, and so on [ 16 ].…”