Epidemiological Investigation of Asymptomatic Dogs with Leishmania Infection in Southwestern China Where Visceral Leishmaniasis is Intractable

Zhao, Guihua; Yin, Kun; Zhong, Wei; Xiao, Ting; Wei, Quan; Cui, Yong; Liu, Gongzhen; Xu, Chun‐Fang; Wang, Hongfa

doi:10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.797

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…High Leishmania spp. infection rate was detected in local dogs, so the number of human VL cases can be reduced by the elimination and suppression of local dogs [11,25,26]. The dog was the principal reservoir host in this epidemic area.…”

Section: Comprehensive Results Of Yangquanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Chen¹,

Feng²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) was one of the most important parasitic diseases in China, caused by Leishmania protozoans and transmitted by sandflies. Recently VL cases have reappeared in China, including the extension region of the Loess Plateau. The purpose of this study was to detect the infection rate of Leishmania and analyze the blood sources of the sandflies vectors to guide the development of prevention and control measures. MethodsSandflies were collected by light traps from rural areas in Shanxian, Henan, China in 2015, as well as in Wuxiang and Yangquan, Shanxi, China in 2017. The blood sources of sandflies were analyzed by PCR detecting the host-specific mitochondrial cytochrome b (mtDNA Cyt b) gene fragments. Leishmania infection in sandflies was detected by amplifying and sequencing ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). The Leishmania specific antibodies in the sera of local dogs were detected by ELISA. ResultsBlood sources showed diversity in the extension region of the Loess Plateau, including human, chicken, dog, cattle, pig and goat. Multiple blood sources within a sandfly individual were observed in samples from Yangquan (17/118, 14.4%) and Wuxiang (12/108, 11.1%). Leishmania DNA was detected in sandflies collected from Yangquan, of which 8.5% pooled and 1.9% individual samples were positive. The ITS1 sequences were conserved with the Leishmania donovani complex. The positive rate of Leishmania specific antibodies in dogs was 5.97%. ConclusionThis study detected the blood sources and Leishmania parasites infection of sandflies by molecular methods in the extension region of Loess Plateau, China. A high epidemic risk of leishmaniasis is currently indicated by the results as the infection of Leishmania in sandflies, the extensive blood sources of sandflies including humans, and positive antibody of Leishmania in local dog sera. Given the recent increase of VL cases, asymptomatic patients, dogs and other potential infected animals should be screened and treated. Furthermore, the density of sandflies needs to be controlled and personal protection should be strengthened.

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Section: Comprehensive Results Of Yangquanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Chen¹,

Feng²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have veri ed dogs as a reservoir host of Leishmania; it may be the principal reservoir and the key to human VL cases in the region. A high Leishmania infection rate has been detected in dogs in the past, and human VL cases have been reduced after the elimination and suppression of local infected dogs (11,25,26). Recently, VL cases in extension region of the Loess Plateau, China reappear after the disease eradication for 20 years, which posed a challenge for control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Chen¹,

Feng²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was one of the most important parasitic diseases in China, caused by Leishmania protozoans and transmitted by sand flies. Recently VL cases have reappeared in China, including the extension region of the Loess Plateau. The purpose of this study was to collect fundamental data on the host-vector VL system in the Loess Plateau to assist in the development of prevention and control measures.Methods Sand flies were collected by light traps from rural areas in Shanxian, Henan, China in 2015, as well as in Wuxiang and Yangquan, Shanxi, China in 2017. The blood sources of sand flies were analyzed by PCR detecting the host-specific mitochondrial cytochrome b (mtDNA Cyt b) gene fragments. Leishmania infection in sand flies was detected by amplifying and sequencing ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). The Leishmania specific antibodies in the sera of local dogs were detected by ELISA kit. Results Blood sources showed diversity in the extension region of the Loess Plateau, including human, chicken, dog, cattle, pig and goat. Multiple blood sources within a sand fly were observed in samples from Yangquan (17/118, 14.4%) and Wuxiang (12/108, 11.1%). Leishmania DNA was detected in sand flies collected from Yangquan with minimum infection rate of 1.00%. The ITS1 sequences were conserved with the Leishmania donovani complex. The positive rate of Leishmania specific antibodies in dogs was 5.97%. Conclusions This study detected the blood sources and Leishmania parasites infection of sand flies by molecular methods in the extension region of Loess Plateau, China. A high epidemic risk of leishmaniasis is currently indicated by the results as the infection of Leishmania in sand flies, the extensive blood sources of sand flies including humans, and positive antibody of Leishmania in local dog sera. Given the recent increase of VL cases, asymptomatic patients, dogs and other potential infected animals should be screened and treated. Furthermore, the density of sand flies needs to be controlled and personal protection should be strengthened.

show abstract

“…High Leishmania spp. infection rate was detected in local dogs in the past, and human VL cases were reduced after the elimination and suppression of local infected dogs [11,25,26]. Recently, VL cases in extension region of the Loess Plateau, China reappear after the disease eradication for 20 years, which posed a challenge for control.…”

Section: Comprehensive Detections From Yangquanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the positive rate of Leishmania spp. in dogs was above 50% in Jiuzhaigou Sichuan, 41.9% in Heishui Sichuan, and 77.21% in Wenxian Gansu, China [11,25,41]. In Shanxi Province, there was only one investigation in 1959, in which the Leishmania positive rate in dogs was 0.01% [16].…”

Section: Comprehensive Detections From Yangquanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Chen¹,

Tao²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was one of the most important parasitic diseases in China, caused by Leishmania protozoans and transmitted by sand flies. Recently VL cases have reappeared in China, including the extension region of the Loess Plateau . The purpose of this study was trying to reveal the reason of reappearance to the developing the prevention and control measures. Methods Sand flies were collected by light traps from rural areas in Shanxian, Henan, China in 2015, as well as in Wuxiang and Yangquan, Shanxi, China in 2017. The blood sources of sand flies were analyzed by PCR detecting the host-specific mitochondrial cytochrome b (mtDNA Cyt b ) gene fragments. Leishmania infection in sand flies was detected by amplifying and sequencing ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 ( ITS1 ). The Leishmania specific antibodies in the sera of local dogs were detected by ELISA kit. Results Blood sources showed diversity in the extension region of the Loess Plateau, including human, chicken, dog, cattle, pig and goat. Multiple blood sources within a sand fly were observed in samples from Yangquan (17/118, 14.4%) and Wuxiang (12/108, 11.1%). Leishmania DNA was detected in sand flies collected from Yangquan with minimum infection rate of 1.00%. The ITS1 sequences were conserved with the Leishmania donovani complex. The positive rate of Leishmania specific antibodies in dogs was 5.97%. Conclusion This study detected the blood sources and Leishmania parasites infection of sand flies by molecular methods in the extension region of Loess Plateau, China. A high epidemic risk of leishmaniasis is currently indicated by the results as the infection of Leishmania in sand flies, the extensive blood sources of sand flies including humans, and positive antibody of Leishmania in local dog sera. Given the recent increase of VL cases, asymptomatic patients, dogs and other potential infected animals should be screened and treated. Furthermore, the density of sand flies needs to be controlled and personal protection should be strengthened.

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Epidemiological Investigation of Asymptomatic Dogs with Leishmania Infection in Southwestern China Where Visceral Leishmaniasis is Intractable

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

Investigation of Leishmania infection and blood sources analysis in Phlebotomus chinensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) along extension region of the Loess Plateau, China

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