Epidemiology and associations with climatic conditions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections among Chinese children hospitalized with acute respiratory infections

Chen, Zhengrong; Ji, Wei; Wang, Yuqing; Ya, Yan; Zhu, Hong; Shao, Xuejun; Xu, Jianping

doi:10.1186/1824-7288-39-34

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In investigations without controls, C. pneumoniae DNA was found in 5% to 26% of patients diagnosed with acute respiratory infections such as CAP or bronchitis [20,39,41,42]. Miyashita and colleagues found that 8% of patients with acute respiratory disease had DNA in their respiratory samples, compared with 3% of asymptomatic controls [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized Jordanian adults

Al-Aydie

Obeidat

Al-Younes

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: This study investigated the role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Jordanian adults. Methodology: Eighty hospitalized CAP patients and 110 healthy adults were enrolled. Overall prevalences of C. pneumoniae IgG antibodies in sera and the rate of acute infection were estimated, using the microimmunofluorescence method (MIF), at titers of 1:16 and 1:512, respectively. Moreover, a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect C. pneumoniae DNA in nasopharyngeal and blood Buffy coat samples. Results: Overall chlamydial IgG prevalence was higher in CAP cases than controls (70% versus 61.8%). Similarly, higher rate of acute infection was found in patients than in controls (16.3% versus 5.5%). By focusing on subjects testing positive at 1:16, acute infection was detectable in 23.2% of CAP cases, compared with 8.8% of seropositive controls. Chlamydial DNA was confirmed in 8.2% and 8.8% of nasopharyngeal specimens from controls and patients, respectively. Moreover, 10.9% and 7.5% of Buffy coats from controls and cases, respectively, were PCR-positive. When performances of both assays for detection of the pathogen were assessed, the sensitivities of MIF and PCR were low and comparable. However, MIF demonstrated higher specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value than PCR. Conclusions: MIF-based data indicate that C. pneumoniae could be a potential causal agent of CAP in Jordan. This study may serve as a basis to elucidate the exact role C. pneumoniae and other co-infecting pathogens in the etiology of respiratory tract disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized Jordanian adults

Al-Aydie

Obeidat

Al-Younes

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…After completing a full clinical record, nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) was performed on each child enrolled as described previously [16] and stored at 4 °C until sent to the clinical laboratory for further direct immunofluorescence assay and polymerase chain reactions (PCR) analysis. Pending the molecular diagnostic, all samples were stored at −80 °C after DNA or RNA extraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological profiles including meteorological factors of low respiratory tract infection due to human rhinovirus in hospitalized children

Huang

Wang

et al. 2017

Ital J Pediatr

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BackgroundLower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Human rhinovirus (HRV) is confirmed to be associated with pediatric lower respiratory tract infection. Seasonal and meteorological factors may play a key role in the epidemiology of HRV. The purposes of this study were to investigate the frequency, seasonal distribution, and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with LRTI caused by HRVs. In addition, associations between incidence of HRVs and meteorological factors in a subtropical region of China were discussed.MethodsHospitalized children <14 years old admitted to the Respiratory Department of the Children’s Hospital, which is affiliated to Soochow University, between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015, were enrolled in this study. Multi-pathogens were detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate samples. Meanwhile, meteorological factors were recorded.ResultsThe average incidence of HRVs infection was 11.4% (707/6194) and 240 cases of which were co-infection cases with other pathogens. Children with co-infection presented more frequent fever and tachypnea compared to children infected with HRVs only (both P < 0.05). Among 707 HRV positive children, the mean age was 23.2 months (range 1 to 140 months). Among all respiratory infections, the highest incidence of HRVs cases occurred in children age 13–36 months old (15.1%, 203/1341). Of all 228 HRV cases in 2014, 85 cases (37.3%) were HRV-C positive. HRVs and HRV-C infection occurred throughout the year during the study period, although a higher incidence was observed in summer and autumn seasons. HRVs or HRV-C incidence in hospitalized children with LRTI was associated with the monthly mean temperature (both P < 0.05).ConclusionHRV was one of the most common viral pathogen detected in hospitalized children with LRTI at the Children’s Hospital of Suzhou, China, and had its own seasonal distribution including HRV-C, which was partly caused by temperature.

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“…In addition to the link with cardiovascular diseases, it has also been linked with asthma (49), Alzheimer's disease (50,51), arthritis (52), lung cancer (53-55), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (56,57), and diabetes (58,59). While there continue to be individual reports of severe respiratory disease associated with C. pneumoniae (60), it appears that the norm is now an association of C. pneumoniae with a range of chronic diseases. In addition to its widespread prevalence in the human population, C. pneumoniae also causes infection and disease in a wide range of animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution to a Chronic Disease Niche Correlates with Increased Sensitivity to Tryptophan Availability for the Obligate Intracellular Bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae

Huston

Barker

Chacko

2014

Journal of Bacteriology

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bThe chlamydiae are obligate intracellular parasites that have evolved specific interactions with their various hosts and host cell types to ensure their successful survival and consequential pathogenesis. The species Chlamydia pneumoniae is ubiquitous, with serological studies showing that most humans are infected at some stage in their lifetime. While most human infections are asymptomatic, C. pneumoniae can cause more-severe respiratory disease and pneumonia and has been linked to chronic diseases such as asthma, atherosclerosis, and even Alzheimer's disease. The widely dispersed animal-adapted C. pneumoniae strains cause an equally wide range of diseases in their hosts. It is emerging that the ability of C. pneumoniae to survive inside its target cells, including evasion of the host's immune attack mechanisms, is linked to the acquisition of key metabolites. Tryptophan and arginine are key checkpoint compounds in this host-parasite battle. Interestingly, the animal strains of C. pneumoniae have a slightly larger genome, enabling them to cope better with metabolite restrictions. It therefore appears that as the evolutionarily more ancient animal strains have evolved to infect humans, they have selectively become more "susceptible" to the levels of key metabolites, such as tryptophan. While this might initially appear to be a weakness, it allows these human C. pneumoniae strains to exquisitely sense host immune attack and respond by rapidly reverting to a persistent phase. During persistence, they reduce their metabolic levels, halting progression of their developmental cycle, waiting until the hostile external conditions have passed before they reemerge.

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Epidemiology and associations with climatic conditions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections among Chinese children hospitalized with acute respiratory infections

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized Jordanian adults

Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized Jordanian adults

Clinical and epidemiological profiles including meteorological factors of low respiratory tract infection due to human rhinovirus in hospitalized children

Evolution to a Chronic Disease Niche Correlates with Increased Sensitivity to Tryptophan Availability for the Obligate Intracellular Bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae

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