Epidemiology of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

The emergence of cardiodiabetology

“…Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its complications [i.e. heart attacks, strokes, peripheral arterial disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and heart failure (HF)] are the key causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1]. Cardiodiabetology focuses on both the science and the clinical management strategies aimed to reduce the associated risks and treat the cardiovascular consequences in patients with diabetes.…”

Cardiodiabetology: The convergence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease

“…With the predominant causes of morbidity and mortality in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus being atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its complications [1], including myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure, and the combination of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease being associated with a substantial additional risk for mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes compared with either alone [2], a close understanding of the epidemiology and management of cardiovascular risk factors beyond glycemic control in persons with diabetes is needed. The long-term followup of the Steno-2 study [3] as well as observational follow-up of three major US cohort studies [4] shows the powerful long-term benefits of multifactorial risk factor control.…”