Epidemiology of Soybean Rust in Soybean Sentinel Plots in Florida

Young, Heather M.; Marois, James J.; Wright, David L.; Narváez, Dario F.; O'Brien, G. Kelly

doi:10.1094/pdis-07-10-0552

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Early application of a fungicide when the pathogen has not yet established leads to waste, while when a fungicide is applied too late, yield losses are likely to occur due to disease development. Sentinel plots have been successfully used in the USA in a national network system aimed at monitoring the appearance of soybean rust (Geisler et al, 2007;Young et al, 2011). The sentinel plots are used to detect soybean rust already present at low densities and are established in multiple locations in the soybean growing regions.…”

Section: Soybean Rust Control Strategies and Current Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean production in eastern and southern Africa and threat of yield loss due to soybean rust caused byPhakopsora pachyrhizi

Murithi

Beed²,

Tukamuhabwa

et al. 2015

Plant Pathology

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Soybean is a major source of oil and proteins worldwide. The demand for soybean has increased in Africa, driven by the growing feed industry for poultry, aquaculture and home consumption in the form of processed milk, baked beans and for blending with maize and wheat flour. Soybean, in addition to being a major source of cooking oil, is also used in other industrial processes such as in the production of paints and candle wax. The demand for soybean in Africa so far outweighs the supply, hence the deficit is mainly covered through imports of soybean products such as soybean meal. The area under soybean production has increased in response to the growing demand, a trend that is expected to continue in the coming years. As the production area increases, diseases and insect pests, declining soil fertility and other abiotic factors pose a major challenge. Soybean rust disease, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, presents one of the major threats to soybean production in Africa due to its rapid spread as a result of the ease by which its spores are dispersed by the wind. Disease control by introducing resistant soybean varieties has been difficult due to the presence of different populations of the fungus that vary in pathogenicity, virulence and genetic composition. Improved understanding of the dynamics of rust ecology, epidemiology and population genetics will enhance the effectiveness of targeted interventions that, in turn, will safeguard soybean productivity.

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Section: Soybean Rust Control Strategies and Current Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean production in eastern and southern Africa and threat of yield loss due to soybean rust caused byPhakopsora pachyrhizi

Murithi

Beed²,

Tukamuhabwa

et al. 2015

Plant Pathology

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“…), an introduced perennial legume estimated to cover up to 7 million acres in the southern United States (Jurick et al, 2008). Nevertheless, the ability of P. pachyrhizi to reproduce rapidly, spread quickly, and severely defoliate soybean plants when environmental conditions are favorable makes SBR a potentially serious economic threat, especially in growing seasons with above-average rainfall (Young et al, 2011). Marchetti et al (1976) reported that while urediniospore germination occurs between 10.0 and 28.5°C, the optimal range is 15 to 25°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

et al. 2014

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Between 2009 and 2012, 118 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection were screened for resistance to soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) at up to five locations in the southeastern United States. In 2009, plant introductions (PIs) from maturity groups III through IX were evaluated for relative disease severity and intensity of sporulation from uredinia compared with 12 susceptible cultivars from the same range of maturity groups. Resistance evaluations were based primarily on disease severity and intensity of sporulation from rust pustules. To assess resistance at several nurseries, a rust index score was calculated from the severity and sporulation ratings. Many of the PIs were moderately to highly resistant at the 2009 locations between Alabama and South Carolina, but the P. pachyrhizi population in Bossier City, LA, was virulent on most of those accessions. The 2011 rating data from Quincy, FL, indicated an increase in the virulence of the pathogen there since 2009, and this trend was observed again in 2012. In contrast, many of the same PIs developed substantially less soybean rust in Attapulgus, GA, in 2012. Despite the comparatively greater disease that many accessions had in Louisiana in 2009 and in Quincy in 2011 and 2012, at least 78 PIs were resistant in Georgia in 2012, and 20 of those were at least moderately resistant in both Florida and Georgia that year. No accessions were immune to rust at all of the nurseries, but PI 200492 (Rpp1), PI 547875 (a backcross line with Rpp1), and PI 567102B (Rpp6) were the most resistant of the accessions with named resistance genes and were among the most resistant accessions overall. Among the most resistant accessions with unknown resistance genes, PI 416826A, PI 417125, PI 567034, and PI 567104B consistently had effective levels of resistance in different locations and years. Information about the most resistant PIs and their reactions to soybean rust infection across years and locations will be useful for the development of rust‐resistant soybean cultivars in the United States.

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“…Approximately half of 125 kudzu plants grown from seed collected from 56 geographically distinct locations in Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and North Carolina and inoculated with three isolates of P. pachyrhizi produced an RB lesion type (Bonde et al 2009). Additional studies showed that a considerable proportion of the kudzu in Florida is either immune (18%) or resistant (32%) (Jordan et al 2010;Young et al 2011b). Furthermore, in the majority of instances where multiple plants from a site were tested, each plant reacted similarly to three isolates of P. pachyrhizi (Bonde et al 2009).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although kudzu provides the initial inoculum for epidemics on soybean, the rapid increase in disease prevalence on kudzu toward the end of the season may be driven, in part, by inoculum produced on soybean (Christiano and Scherm 2007;Young et al 2011b). In addition, analyses of soybean rust epidemics from 2005 to 2011 showed a strong association between initial and final epidemic spread (Mundt et al 2015); and the epidemics from 2005 to 2008 correlated a location's infection history (i.e., the previous number of years infected with soybean) to the previous year's incidence of soybean rust (Young et al 2011b).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, analyses of soybean rust epidemics from 2005 to 2011 showed a strong association between initial and final epidemic spread (Mundt et al 2015); and the epidemics from 2005 to 2008 correlated a location's infection history (i.e., the previous number of years infected with soybean) to the previous year's incidence of soybean rust (Young et al 2011b).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Select Agent to an Established Pathogen: The Response to Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Soybean Rust) in North America

et al. 2015

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The pathogen causing soybean rust, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was first described in Japan in 1902. The disease was important in the Eastern Hemisphere for many decades before the fungus was reported in Hawaii in 1994, which was followed by reports from countries in Africa and South America. In 2004, P. pachyrhizi was confirmed in Louisiana, making it the first report in the continental United States. Based on yield losses from countries in Asia, Africa, and South America, it was clear that this pathogen could have a major economic impact on the yield of 30 million ha of soybean in the United States. The response by agencies within the United States Department of Agriculture, industry, soybean check-off boards, and universities was immediate and complex. The impacts of some of these activities are detailed in this review. The net result has been that the once dreaded disease, which caused substantial losses in other parts of the world, is now better understood and effectively managed in the United States. The disease continues to be monitored yearly for changes in spatial and temporal distribution so that soybean growers can continue to benefit by knowing where soybean rust is occurring during the growing season.

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Epidemiology of Soybean Rust in Soybean Sentinel Plots in Florida

Abstract: Young, H.

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Soybean production in eastern and southern Africa and threat of yield loss due to soybean rust caused byPhakopsora pachyrhizi

Soybean production in eastern and southern Africa and threat of yield loss due to soybean rust caused byPhakopsora pachyrhizi

Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

From Select Agent to an Established Pathogen: The Response to Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Soybean Rust) in North America

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