Epigenetic Modifications and Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): An Update Review

Zhang, Lingzhi; Valizadeh, Hassan; Alipourfard, Iraj; Bidares, Ramtin; Aghebati‐Maleki, Leili; Ahmadi, Majid

doi:10.1080/15412555.2020.1780576

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Epigenetic modifications, including post-translational changes caused by miRNA dysregulation (miRNAs are small single-stranded molecules comprising 20 to 25 nucleotides), are implicated in various cellular processes via gene expression regulation [110,111]. Several miRNAs are associated with obesity [112], e.g., miR-17-5p, miR-122, and miR-221.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beneficial Effects of Principal Polyphenols from Green Tea, Coffee, Wine, and Curry on Obesity

Ohishi

Fukutomi²,

Shoji

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Several epidemiological studies and clinical trials have reported the beneficial effects of green tea, coffee, wine, and curry on human health, with its anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and neuroprotective properties. These effects, which have been supported using cell-based and animal studies, are mainly attributed to epigallocatechin gallate found in green tea, chlorogenic acid in coffee, resveratrol in wine, and curcumin in curry. Polyphenols are proposed to function via various mechanisms, the most important of which is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS). These polyphenols exert conflicting dual actions as anti- and pro-oxidants. Their anti-oxidative actions help scavenge ROS and downregulate nuclear factor-κB to produce favorable anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, pro-oxidant actions appear to promote ROS generation leading to the activation of 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase, which modulates different enzymes and factors with health beneficial roles. Currently, it remains unclear how these polyphenols exert either pro- or anti-oxidant effects. Similarly, several human studies showed no beneficial effects of these foods, and, by extension polyphenols, on obesity. These inconsistencies may be attributed to different confounding study factors. Thus, this review provides a state-of-the-art update on these foods and their principal polyphenol components, with an assumption that it prevents obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beneficial Effects of Principal Polyphenols from Green Tea, Coffee, Wine, and Curry on Obesity

Ohishi

Fukutomi²,

Shoji

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…RNA samples isolated from lung lobes were quantified by Nano-drop spectrophotometer (ND-1000, NanoDrop Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA). Reverse transcription was done by RT 2 First Strand Kit (Cat# 330401, Qiagen), and qRT-PCR was based on SYBR green expression master-mix (Cat# 330509, Qiagen). Quantitative PCR was done by the Bio-Rad CFX96 qPCR instrument, and the expression level of mRNA was determined by 2 -ΔΔCt methods with normalization using GAPDH as housekeeping control.…”

Section: Quantitative-rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide; it affects more than 10% of the global population ( 1 ). There are limited therapeutic strategies currently available, and the comprehensive treatment mechanisms remain unclear ( 2 ). COPD is a chronic lung disease resulting from exposure to environmental pollutants/toxicants, noxious gases, and cigarette smoke (CS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular clock REV-ERBα regulates cigarette smoke–induced pulmonary inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Wang¹,

Sundar²,

Lucas³

et al. 2021

JCI Insight

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Cigarette smoke (CS) is the main etiological factor in the pathogenesis of emphysema/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which is associated with abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT). Previously, we have shown an association between circadian rhythms and CS-induced lung inflammation, and nuclearheme-receptor α (REV-ERBα) acting as an anti-inflammatory target in both pulmonary epithelial cells and fibroblasts. We hypothesized that molecular clock REV-ERBα plays an important role in CS-induced circadian dysfunction and EMT alteration. C57BL/6J wild type (WT) and REV-ERBα heterozygous (Het) and knockout (KO) mice were exposed to CS for 30 days (sub-chronic) and 4 months (chronic), and WT mice were exposed to CS for 10 days with or without REV-ERBα agonist (SR9009) administration.Sub-chronic/chronic CS exposure caused circadian disruption and dysregulated EMT in the lungs of WT and REV-ERBα KO mice, both circadian and EMT dysregulation were exaggerated in REV-ERBα KO condition. REV-ERBα agonist, SR9009 treatment reduced acute CS-induced inflammatory response and abnormal EMT in the lungs.Further, REV-ERBα agonist (GSK4112) inhibited TGFβ/CS-induced fibroblast differentiation in human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL-1).Thus, CS-induced circadian gene alterations and EMT activation are mediated through a Rev-erbα-dependent mechanism, which suggests activation of REV-ERBα as a novel therapeutic approach for smoking-induced chronic inflammatory lung diseases.

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“…Epigenetic modifications represent post-translational changes in histones and DNA such as methylation and acetylation as well as dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression [ 69 ]. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) consist of miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) where miRNAs are defined as small single-stranded molecules (ca.…”

Section: Anti-cancer Effects Of Green Teamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid

et al. 2020

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Tea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively, and believed to be responsible for most of these effects. Although a large number of cell-based and animal experiments have provided convincing evidence to support the anti-cancer effects of green tea, coffee, EGCG, and CGA, human studies are still controversial and some studies have suggested even an increased risk for certain types of cancers such as esophageal and gynecological cancers with green tea consumption and bladder and lung cancers with coffee consumption. The reason for these inconsistent results may have been arisen from various confounding factors. Cell-based and animal studies have proposed several mechanisms whereby EGCG and CGA exert their anti-cancer effects. These components appear to share the common mechanisms, among which one related to reactive oxygen species is perhaps the most attractive. Meanwhile, EGCG and CGA have also different target molecules which might explain the site-specific differences of anti-cancer effects found in human studies. Further studies will be necessary to clarify what is the mechanism to cause such differences between green tea and coffee.

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Epigenetic Modifications and Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): An Update Review

Cited by 31 publications

References 128 publications

The Beneficial Effects of Principal Polyphenols from Green Tea, Coffee, Wine, and Curry on Obesity

The Beneficial Effects of Principal Polyphenols from Green Tea, Coffee, Wine, and Curry on Obesity

Molecular clock REV-ERBα regulates cigarette smoke–induced pulmonary inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid

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