Epigenetic Modifiers Revamp Secondary Metabolite Production in Endophytic Nigrospora sphaerica

Ramesha, K.P.; Mohana, N. Chandra; Nayaka, S. Chandra; Sardana, Satish

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.730355

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Sodium butyrate is an epigenetic modifier which inhibits the histone deacetylase activity, leading to the differentiation of the eukaryotic cells [ 86 , 87 ]. Previous studies showed that sodium butyrate treatment had the highest induction rate of 22 cryptic secondary metabolites from endophytic Nigrospora sphaerica [ 88 ]. The endophytic fungus isolate P03MB2 was then identified to share 100% homology with Penicillium chrysogenum based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequence analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Induction of Secondary Metabolites Production in Endophytic Fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and GC-MS Analysis of Crude Metabolites with Anti-HIV-1 Activity

et al. 2023

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The continuous burden of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Sub-Saharan Africa, coupled with the inability of antiretroviral agents to eradicate HIV-1 from viral reservoirs, the potential risks of drug resistance development, and the development of adverse effects, emphasizes the need to develop a new class of HIV-1 inhibitors. Here, we cultivated four endophytic fungal isolates from a medicinal plant, Albizia adianthifolia with the addition of small epigenetic modifiers, sodium butyrate, and valproic acid, to induce the expression of biosynthetic gene clusters encoding active secondary metabolites with probable anti-HIV activities. We identified a non-toxic crude extract of the endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum treated with sodium butyrate to possess significantly greater anti-HIV activity than the untreated extracts. Penicillium chrysogenum P03MB2 showed anti-HIV activity with an IC50 of 0.6024 µg/mL compared to untreated fungal crude extract (IC50 5.053 µg/mL) when treated with sodium butyrate. The profile of secondary metabolite compounds from the bioactive, partially purified extracts were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and more bioactive compounds were detected in treated P. chrysogenum P03MB2 fractions than in untreated fractions. Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro (13.64%), cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl (8.18%), cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl (7.23%), cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl (6.36%), quinoline, 1,2-dihydro-2,24-trimethyl (5.45%), propanenitrile (4.55%), deca-6,9-diene (4.55%), dibutyl phthalate (4.55%), and silane[1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)oxy]dimethyl (2.73%) were the most abundant compounds. These results indicate that treatment of endophytic fungi with small epigenetic modifiers enhances the secretion of secondary metabolites with stronger anti-HIV-1 properties, acknowledging the feasibility of epigenetic modification as an innovative approach for the discovery of cryptic fungal metabolites which can be developed into therapeutic compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Induction of Secondary Metabolites Production in Endophytic Fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and GC-MS Analysis of Crude Metabolites with Anti-HIV-1 Activity

et al. 2023

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“…7. Ramesha et al (2021) studied six well-known modifiers for epigenetic modulation in the endophytic fungus Nigrospora sphaerica, including two DNMT inhibitors (5-azacytidine and hydralazine hydrochloride), a sirtuin activator (quercetin) and three HDAC inhibitors (SAHA, sodium butyrate and valproic acid). They came to conclusion that HDAC therapies produced more cryptic metabolites than DNMT treatments.…”

Section: Epigenetic Modulations In Fungal Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of unseen fungal world and analysis of their functional attributes in crop and human health

Kharwar¹

2022

JMycR

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An exploration of unseen fungal world and analysis of their functional attributes in crop and human healthFungal endophytes are a group of microbial entities that live in either apoplast or symplast region of healthy plant tissues without causing any detectable symptoms of disease to the concerned host. Since they derive nutrients and shelter from their host hence, in turn, provide protection to their host against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of country's diverse and distinctive plants diversity, coordinated efforts at front of endophytic diversity research and exploitation are required in light of their vast applicability in plant and human health and the environment. This article focuses on endophytic biodiversity, their role to protect plants against abiotic environmental stresses with special reference to drought, heat and dyes degradation. It will also cover the epigenetic modulations for cryptic bioactive compounds; endophytes mediated fabrication of metal nanoprticles (NPs), and mycomediated synthesis of carbon nano dots (CNDs) and their utilization in plant health promotion.

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“…For instance, in the endophytic fungus Nigrospora sphaerica , epigenetic modifiers such as DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors increased the expression of biosynthetic pathways. The accumulation of new metabolites was observed as a result of the activation of cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters in the microbes [ 50 ]. It is conceivable that the microbes synthesize metabolites that participate in drought stress responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Endophytic Colonization of Host Plants a Method of Alleviating Drought Stress? Conceptualizing the Hidden World of Endophytes

Byregowda

Prasad

Oelmüller

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In the wake of changing climatic conditions, plants are frequently exposed to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses at various stages of their development, all of which negatively affect their growth, development, and productivity. Drought is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses for most cultivated crops, particularly in arid and semiarid environments. Conventional breeding and biotechnological approaches are used to generate drought-tolerant crop plants. However, these techniques are costly and time-consuming. Plant-colonizing microbes, notably, endophytic fungi, have received increasing attention in recent years since they can boost plant growth and yield and can strengthen plant responses to abiotic stress. In this review, we describe these microorganisms and their relationship with host plants, summarize the current knowledge on how they “reprogram” the plants to promote their growth, productivity, and drought tolerance, and explain why they are promising agents in modern agriculture.

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Epigenetic Modifiers Revamp Secondary Metabolite Production in Endophytic Nigrospora sphaerica

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Epigenetic Induction of Secondary Metabolites Production in Endophytic Fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and GC-MS Analysis of Crude Metabolites with Anti-HIV-1 Activity

Epigenetic Induction of Secondary Metabolites Production in Endophytic Fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and GC-MS Analysis of Crude Metabolites with Anti-HIV-1 Activity

An exploration of unseen fungal world and analysis of their functional attributes in crop and human health

Is Endophytic Colonization of Host Plants a Method of Alleviating Drought Stress? Conceptualizing the Hidden World of Endophytes

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