Epigenetics of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Opportunities for novel chemotherapeutic targets

Lindsay, Cameron; Seikaly, Hadi; Biron, Vincent L.

doi:10.1186/s40463-017-0185-3

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(130 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…EGFR expression was decreased in all cell lines upon treatment with curcumin, remaining consistent with current literature, as was EZH2. Given EZH2 overexpression to be associated with overall tumor aggressiveness in both HPV+ and HPV− cancers curcumin may provide an alternate means to repressing EZH2 expression over current modalities being tested …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EGFR expression was decreased in all cell lines upon treatment with curcumin, remaining consistent with current literature, 23 as was EZH2. Given EZH2 overexpression to be associated with overall tumor aggressiveness in both HPV+ and HPV− cancers 38,39 curcumin may provide an alternate means to repressing EZH2 expression over current modalities being tested. [40][41][42] Tumor-suppressor protein p53 may be the only caveat to the claim of an apparent lack of HPV discrimination in drug agents, The gene expression results of the control treatments appear to be quite variable in comparison to one another.…”

Section: Immunofluorescencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antitumour effects of metformin and curcumin in human papillomavirus positive and negative head and neck cancer cells

Lindsay

Kostiuk

Conrad

et al. 2019

Molecular Carcinogenesis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has significantly increased in recent decades due to human papillomavirus (HPV)‐mediated oncogenesis. Unfortunately, a growing number of HPV‐positive (+) OPSCC survivors are living with the irreversible side effects of treatment. The novel, well‐tolerated chemotherapeutics with improved side effect profiles are, therefore, in high demand. Metformin is one such drug, widely used as a first‐line oral agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curcumin is another well‐tolerated agent quickly gaining attention for its medicinal properties. Both metformin and curcumin have been shown to display anticancer properties. This study aimed to determine the antitumor effects of these agents, individually and combined, in HPV+ and HPV‐negative (−) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. This was achieved by assessing the efficacy of varying drug concentrations on the overall cell viability, proliferation, and expression of common HNSCC biomarkers. The results from protein and RNA expression data are highly variable, as expected, with multiple pathways being affected in cancer. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays and immunofluorescence microscopy suggest that both agents are capable of slowing proliferation and inducing apoptosis. We conclude that curcumin and metformin display effective antitumor effects in both HPV+ and HPV− HNSCC cell lines. The curcumin effects appear more pronounced in the HPV− cell lines. Metformin appears to be more effective at reducing the overall cell numbers in HPV+ cell lines. Metformin and curcumin combined did not appear to have synergistic effects on the proliferation or apoptosis of the treated cell lines.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunofluorescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumour effects of metformin and curcumin in human papillomavirus positive and negative head and neck cancer cells

Lindsay

Kostiuk

Conrad

et al. 2019

Molecular Carcinogenesis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compared to other head and neck neoplasms, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compromise about 90% of the subtypes within this spectrum with~40%-50% mortality [1,2]. Research advances in the study of OSCC complexity have revealed that the induction and development of OSCC are due to a sum of genetic changes, epigenetic alterations, and environmental risk factors, especially tobacco, alcohol consumption, and viral infections [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Alterations Associated with the Overall Survival and Recurrence Free Survival among Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Ghantous

Nashef

Abu-El-Naaj

2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a fatal disease caused by complex interactions between environmental, genomic, and epigenetic alterations. In the current study, we aimed to identify clusters of genes whose promoter methylation status correlated with various tested clinical features. Molecular datasets of genetic and methylation analysis based on whole-genome sequencing of 159 OSCC patients were obtained from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal. Genes were clustered based on their methylation status and were tested for their association with demographic, pathological, and clinical features of the patients. Overall, seven clusters of genes were revealed that showed a significant association with the overall survival/recurrence free survival of patients. The top ranked genes within cluster 4, which showed the worst prognosis, primarily acted as paraneoplastic genes, while the genes within cluster 6 primarily acted as anti-tumor genes. A significant difference was found regarding the mean age in the different clusters. No significant correlation was found between the tumor staging and the different clusters. In conclusion, our result provided a proof-of-principle for the existence of phenotypic diversity among the epigenetic clusters of OSCC and demonstrated the utility of the use epigenetics alterations in devolving new prognostic and therapeutics tools for OSCC patients.

show abstract

“…Moreover, epigenetics play an important role in causing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Epigenetics can be defined as the study of all heritable changes in gene phenotype and expression which are not coded in the DNA sequence [2,5,6]. Epigenetic alterations can cause major changes in the tumor progression, metastasis and response to chemo-radiotherapy [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epigenetics can be defined as the study of all heritable changes in gene phenotype and expression which are not coded in the DNA sequence [2,5,6]. Epigenetic alterations can cause major changes in the tumor progression, metastasis and response to chemo-radiotherapy [6]. The previously mentioned predisposing factors might act synergistically to a wide range of genetic and epigenetic events leading to suppression of tumor suppressor genes by promoting hyper-methylation and activation of OSCC oncogenesis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Epigenetics Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Alothman¹,

Alsenani²,

Alrabiah³

et al. 2020

SJODR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral cancers accounting for 96% of all head and neck cancers. Beside the different endogenous and environmental risk factors, epigenetics play an important role in causing OSCC. Epigenetics shed light on the presence of inherited changes in the phenotype of a gene with the absence of an alteration in the DNA sequence. The epigenetic modifications can result in the emersion of cancer, autoimmune diseases, aging and other diseases. Under several circumstances, DNA undergoes methylation. This methylation might be related to normal development or serious diseases like cancer. DNA methylation is a heritable biochemical modification occurs predominantly by transferal of a methyl group to C-5 position of the cytosine ring (CpGs) which may cause epigenetic disturbances. This review aims toward investigating the genetics in literature to help in diagnosing OSCC with new modalities that are less invasive compared to histopathology. Studied genes including ECAD, DAPK, MGMT and P53 has different methylation frequencies in relation to OSCC which may be related to their significant role in early diagnosis and prognosis. Since genetics has a major role in OSCC, we searched most recently reported genes and technologies seeking early detection and treatment of OSCC results in a better prognosis and more conservative treatment.

show abstract

Epigenetics of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Opportunities for novel chemotherapeutic targets

Cited by 37 publications

References 146 publications

Antitumour effects of metformin and curcumin in human papillomavirus positive and negative head and neck cancer cells

Antitumour effects of metformin and curcumin in human papillomavirus positive and negative head and neck cancer cells

Epigenetic Alterations Associated with the Overall Survival and Recurrence Free Survival among Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Insights into Epigenetics Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About