Epigenetics: Recent Advances and Its Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Xiao, Xuewen; Liu, Xixi; Jiao, Bin

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.538301

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 205 publications

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“…The histone marker H4K16ac causes an alteration in the chromosome which connects it with DNA damage and aging in neurodegenerative diseases. The amount of H4K16a in the aged brain decreases due to the aged brain’s inability to regulate it, which results in changes in brain function [ 100 , 101 ]. An in vitro study on AD found that methylation levels in the 2′,5′-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase gene were reduced [ 102 ].…”

Section: Role Of Dna Methylation In Neurological Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA Methylation: A Promising Approach in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

Kaur

Rathod

Ghoneim

et al. 2022

Biology

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DNA methylation, in the mammalian genome, is an epigenetic modification that involves the transfer of a methyl group on the C5 position of cytosine to derive 5-methylcytosine. The role of DNA methylation in the development of the nervous system and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease has been an interesting research area. Furthermore, mutations altering DNA methylation affect neurodevelopmental functions and may cause the progression of several neurodegenerative diseases. Epigenetic modifications in neurodegenerative diseases are widely studied in different populations to uncover the plausible mechanisms contributing to the development and progression of the disease and detect novel biomarkers for early prognosis and future pharmacotherapeutic targets. In this manuscript, we summarize the association of DNA methylation with the pathogenesis of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington diseases, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and discuss the potential of DNA methylation as a potential biomarker and therapeutic tool for neurogenerative diseases.

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Section: Role Of Dna Methylation In Neurological Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ANK1 gene’s elevated methylation profile demonstrated its role in AD [ 108 ]. OTX gene methylation changes also lead to AD [ 101 ].…”

Section: Role Of Dna Methylation In Neurological Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Methylation: A Promising Approach in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

Kaur

Rathod

Ghoneim

et al. 2022

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, there is no consensus in the literature on whether the methylation of APP, the amyloid precursor protein, is significantly altered in AD patients' brain [203][204][205]. Nevertheless, other AD-associated genes have been found to be differentially methylated in AD patients, such as APOE [206], PLD3 [207,208], and EPHA1 [201].…”

Section: Epigenetics In Alzheimer's Disease-related Memory Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Memory and Cognitive Decline Associated with Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Maity

Farrell

Navabpour

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Epigenetic mechanisms, which include DNA methylation, a variety of post-translational modifications of histone proteins (acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, serotonylation, dopaminylation), chromatin remodeling enzymes, and long non-coding RNAs, are robust regulators of activity-dependent changes in gene transcription. In the brain, many of these epigenetic modifications have been widely implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been reported in the aged brain and is associated with or contributes to memory decline across the lifespan. Furthermore, alterations in the epigenome have been reported in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we review the diverse types of epigenetic modifications and their role in activity- and learning-dependent synaptic plasticity. We then discuss how these mechanisms become dysregulated across the lifespan and contribute to memory loss with age and in Alzheimer’s disease. Collectively, the evidence reviewed here strongly supports a role for diverse epigenetic mechanisms in memory formation, aging, and neurodegeneration in the brain.

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“…This characteristic makes the miRNAs an exciting new approach to AD therapeutics. Although this area is still in the early stages, studies have shown evidence of several miRNAs that target important molecules in this pathology [ 29 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 ]. Table 4 shows some studies of miRNAs in AD, that can have a potential application as AD therapeutic tools.…”

Section: Therapeutic Applications For Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

New RNA-Based Breakthroughs in Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Therapeutics

2021

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Dementia is described as the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is recognized as the most common, causing a huge impact on health costs and quality of patients’ lives. The main hallmarks that are commonly associated with the pathologic process are amyloid deposition, pathologic Tau phosphorylation and neurodegeneration. It is still unclear how these events are linked to the disease progression, due to the complex pathologic mechanisms. Nevertheless, several hypotheses have been proposed for a better understanding of AD. The AD diagnosis is performed by using a combination of several tools to detect β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposits and modifications in cognitive performance, sometimes being expensive and invasive. In the treatment field, there is still an absence of effective treatments to delay or stop the progression of the disease, with most of the approved drugs used to relieve symptoms, and all of them with significant adverse side effects. Considering all limitations, the need to establish new and more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies becomes clear. This review aims not only to describe the disease and its impact but also to collect the currently available diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, highlighting new promising RNA-based strategies for AD.

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Epigenetics: Recent Advances and Its Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract: Objective: This review summarizes recent findings on the epigenetics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and provides therapeutic strategies for AD.

Cited by 29 publications

References 205 publications

DNA Methylation: A Promising Approach in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

DNA Methylation: A Promising Approach in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Memory and Cognitive Decline Associated with Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

New RNA-Based Breakthroughs in Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Therapeutics

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