Epilepsy following herpes simplex encephalitis – A case series

Hersh, Nir; Zvi, Haim Ben; Goldstein, Lilach; Steiner, Israel; Benninger, Felix

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107137

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The surprisingly rare occurrence of seizures in MS reveals that the regulation of neuronal excitability-the basic prerequisite of normal brain function in humans-does not automatically fail when the brain structure is irreversibly impaired due to MS. A similar uncoupling of neuronal excitability from brain intactness is seen-to a greater or lesser extent-in other acquired diseases of the brain, in stroke, and in traumatic brain injury (Figure 1) [13,15,17]. Owing to such a hierarchy in brain organization, brain viability and functionality are much greater than they could be if the regulation of neuronal excitability is coupled with the normal brain structure.…”

Section: Regulation Of Neuronal Excitability Is Profoundly Protectedmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Seizures in Multiple Sclerosis are, above all, a Matter of Brain Viability

Kavčič,

E Hofmann

2024

SciBase Neurol

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Objectives: Most patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) never have a seizure, although they are at risk for seizures since the onset of MS. This paradox leads us to suppose that MS plays a minor role in seizure generation and epileptogenesis. Methods: Qualitative study using data triangulation and inductive content analysis. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). Results: In MS patients, unprovoked seizures occur rarely (in about 3 percent of cases). Pediatric MS involves seizures more common than adult or late-onset MS. In general, children with seizures do not have poorer MS prognoses than children without seizures. Contrary to the general population, seizures do not peak in older MS patients. Since the use of disease-modifying therapies in the treatment of MS (i.e., since 1993), the frequency of seizures in MS patients has not changed considerably. Epilepsy syndrome cannot be recognized in MS patients with seizures. As a rule, seizures in MS are not difficult to treat. A sudden unexpected death in MS patients with seizures has not been observed more commonly than in the general epilepsy population. A disruption of the blood–brain barrier is the most obvious proconvulsive factor of MS. However, neither MS relapses nor a high rate of MS relapses is normally accompanied by seizures. Structural brain abnormalities usually accumulate over the course of MS. However, a high brain magnetic resonance imaging lesion load does not have a substantial impact on seizure occurrence in MS. Conclusion: MS does not have a major role in seizure generation and epileptogenesis. In most cases, the seizure-promoting effects of MS can be successfully counteracted by the brain´s protective mechanisms.

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Section: Regulation Of Neuronal Excitability Is Profoundly Protectedmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Recent epidemiological studies have shown that epilepsy occurs in approximately 3% of MS patients [6,7]. A comparison to the general population and to some other patients is depicted in Figure 1 [12,17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seizures in Multiple Sclerosis are, above all, a Matter of Brain Viability

Kavčič,

E Hofmann

2024

SciBase Neurol

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“…An EEG should be performed on a child presenting with a complex FS accompanied by abnormal neurological and developmental status, as the highest risk of epilepsy exists in this population [ 66 ]. Additionally, EEG plays a crucial role in supporting the diagnostic suspicion of herpes simplex encephalitis, the most prevalent form of sporadic encephalitis worldwide, in children with suggestive clinical manifestations [ 67 , 68 ]. The diagnostic assessment of FS is summarized in Fig.…”

Section: Diagnostic Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best practices for the management of febrile seizures in children

Ferretti,

Riva,

Fabrizio

et al. 2024

Ital J Pediatr

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Febrile seizures (FS) are commonly perceived by healthcare professionals as a self-limited condition with a generally ‘benign’ nature. Nonetheless, they frequently lead to pediatric consultations, and their management can vary depending on the clinical context. For parents and caregivers, witnessing a seizure can be a distressing experience, significantly impacting their quality of life. In this review, we offer an in-depth exploration of FS management, therapeutic interventions, and prognostic factors, with the aim of providing support for physicians and enhancing communication with families. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using the PubMed and Web of Science databases, spanning the past 50 years. The search terms utilized included “febrile seizure,” “complex febrile seizure,” “simple febrile seizure,” in conjunction with “children” or “infant.” Only studies published in English or those presenting evidence-based data were included in our assessment. Additionally, we conducted a cross-reference search to identify any additional relevant data sources. Our thorough literature search resulted in a compilation of references, with carefully selected papers thoughtfully integrated into this review.

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Case Report and Literature Review of Schizophrenia Complicated with Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Type 1

胡

2023

ACM

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Epilepsy following herpes simplex encephalitis – A case series

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Seizures in Multiple Sclerosis are, above all, a Matter of Brain Viability

Seizures in Multiple Sclerosis are, above all, a Matter of Brain Viability

Best practices for the management of febrile seizures in children

Case Report and Literature Review of Schizophrenia Complicated with Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Type 1

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