Epilepsy, Status Epilepticus, and Refractory Status Epilepticus

Chen, Yangmei; Li, Shichuo

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5125-8_1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Hyperserotonemia, an elevated level of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) in the blood, was the first biomarker to be discovered in autism research [20,21], and to date, this is one of the quantitative traits most consistently associated with the disorder in a significant subset of ASD patients [15,17,[21][22][23][24]. Hyperserotonemia has been better described as an endophenotype of autism, being a measurable, familial, and heritable biomarker consistently associated with a complex disorder [6,25,26]. Endophenotypes can also be described as intermediate phenotypes that may be related to the underlying genetic components of a disorder but do not necessarily cause it directly [25,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on Autism and Hyperserotonemia: State-of-the-Art, Limitations, and Future Directions

Esposito,

Cruciani,

Zaccaro

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Hyperserotonemia is one of the most studied endophenotypes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but there are still no unequivocal results about its causes or biological and behavioral outcomes. This systematic review summarizes the studies investigating the relationship between blood serotonin (5-HT) levels and ASD, comparing diagnostic tools, analytical methods, and clinical outcomes. A literature search on peripheral 5-HT levels and ASD was conducted. In total, 1104 publications were screened, of which 113 entered the present systematic review. Of these, 59 articles reported hyperserotonemia in subjects with ASD, and 26 presented correlations between 5-HT levels and ASD-core clinical outcomes. The 5-HT levels are increased in about half, and correlations between hyperserotonemia and clinical outcomes are detected in a quarter of the studies. The present research highlights a large amount of heterogeneity in this field, ranging from the characterization of ASD and control groups to diagnostic and clinical assessments, from blood sampling procedures to analytical methods, allowing us to delineate critical topics for future studies.

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