Epistaxis: A Study to Determine Etiologies and Management in a Tertiary Health Care Unit in Kashmir, India

Abstract

Background: Epistaxis is one of the most common medical emergencies worldwide,with almost 60% of the population experiencing it at some point in their life.Our study aimed to understand the etiology and management in OPD and nonsurgical IPD settings. Methods: Our study consisted of 60 patients presenting with epistaxis over a period of one year in tertiary care setting. Detailed history was taken, followed by formulation, and putting into practice the management methodology. Results: Our results showed a male (63.3%) predominance over females (36.7%).Majority of our patients were more than 40 years in age,with 51-60 years (28.4%) being the most common age group. Hypertension, idiopathy, and trauma were the most common etiologies.All the cases were resolved with conservative (non-surgical) methods of treatment.Blood transfusion was required in only one case.Conclusions:Epistaxis,although seen at any age,is largely a geriatric problem. Hypertension, idiopathy, and trauma are the most common etiologies. Etiologies vary with age and their understanding leads to better management plans. Conservative methods remain successful in cases without any complications.