Epithelial cell kinetics in the descending colon of the rat

Rijke, R. P. C.; Gart, R.; Langendoen, N. J.

doi:10.1007/bf02889919

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This difference was not evident in crypts from irradiated animals 4 days after exposure. This study shows a number of crypt cells for the control animals comparable with values reported from the literature for the rat descending colon from 620 to 1,300 cells per crypt (44,53). Finally, the estimated whole cell number per crypt was only slightly decreased in crypts from irradiated animals (Ϫ25%, not significant).…”

Section: Ussing Chamber Studiessupporting

confidence: 74%

Alterations of the VIP-stimulated cAMP pathway in rat distal colon after abdominal irradiation

Morel

Dublineau

Lebrun

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Morel, E., I. Dublineau, F. Lebrun, and N. M. Griffiths. Alterations of the VIP-stimulated cAMP pathway in rat distal colon after abdominal irradiation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282: G835-G843, 2002. First published January 9, 2002 10.1152/ajpgi.00457.2001.-Ionizing radiation induces hyporesponsiveness of rat colonic mucosa to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Possible mechanisms responsible for this hyporesponsiveness of the cAMP communication pathway in rat colon were investigated. VIP-and forskolin-stimulated short-circuit current (I sc) responses were studied after a 10-Gy abdominal irradiation in Ussing chambers as well as in single, isolated crypts. Adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity and VIP receptor characteristics were determined in mucosal membrane preparations. In addition, alterations in crypt morphology were studied. Impaired secretory responses to VIP and forskolin were observed 4 days after irradiation (decrease of 80%). cAMP analog-stimulated Isc responses were unchanged. In isolated crypts, VIP-and forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation was markedly reduced by 80 and 50%, respectively. VIP-stimulated AC activity and VIP receptor number were decreased in membrane preparations. No major change of cellularity was associated with these functional alterations. In conclusion, the decreased secretory responses to VIP of rat colon are associated with reduced cAMP accumulation, decreased AC activity, and diminution of VIP receptor numbers without a marked decrease of crypt cell number.

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Section: Ussing Chamber Studiessupporting

confidence: 74%

Alterations of the VIP-stimulated cAMP pathway in rat distal colon after abdominal irradiation

Morel

Dublineau

Lebrun

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…A surface epithelial layer is differentiated from colonic crypts. The columnar epithelial cells can be subdivided according to their degree of differentiation, which is based on their proliferative activity, expression of differentiation markers, and functional properties (266,268,274,498,506). Thus base crypt epithelial cells show the highest proliferative activity, demonstrate limited expression of differentiation markers, and have a high Cl Ϫ secretory activity.…”

Section: B Cell Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Transport in the Mammalian Colon: Mechanisms and Implications for Disease

Kunzelmann

Mall

2002

Physiological Reviews

588

571

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The colonic epithelium has both absorptive and secretory functions. The transport is characterized by a net absorption of NaCl, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and water, allowing extrusion of a feces with very little water and salt content. In addition, the epithelium does secret mucus, bicarbonate, and KCl. Polarized distribution of transport proteins in both luminal and basolateral membranes enables efficient salt transport in both directions, probably even within an individual cell. Meanwhile, most of the participating transport proteins have been identified, and their function has been studied in detail. Absorption of NaCl is a rather steady process that is controlled by steroid hormones regulating the expression of epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC), the Na+-K+-ATPase, and additional modulating factors such as the serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase SGK. Acute regulation of absorption may occur by a Na+ feedback mechanism and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Cl− secretion in the adult colon relies on luminal CFTR, which is a cAMP-regulated Cl− channel and a regulator of other transport proteins. As a consequence, mutations in CFTR result in both impaired Cl− secretion and enhanced Na+ absorption in the colon of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Ca2+- and cAMP-activated basolateral K+ channels support both secretion and absorption of electrolytes and work in concert with additional regulatory proteins, which determine their functional and pharmacological profile. Knowledge of the mechanisms of electrolyte transport in the colon enables the development of new strategies for the treatment of CF and secretory diarrhea. It will also lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiological events during inflammatory bowel disease and development of colonic carcinoma.

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“…Multipotent stem cells, thought to be located at the crypt base (29), give rise to three epithelial cell types, enterocytes (colonocytes), goblet cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Differentiation occurs as cells migrate up each colonic crypt and onto a hexagonal-shaped surface epithelial cuff that surrounds each crypt orifice (30,31).…”

Section: The 35-base Pair Element Can Function As a Suppressor Of Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressor and Activator Functions Mediated by a Repeated Heptad Sequence in the Liver Fatty Acid-binding Protein Gene (Fabpl)

Simon

Cho²,

Tso

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Epithelial cells that line the intestine and the nephrons of the kidney share many common functions. The molecular mechanisms that regulate gene transcription within and between these epithelia are largely uncharacterized. The "liver" fatty acid-binding protein gene (Fabpl) 1 provides a model for investigating these mechanisms.In the adult mouse and rat, Fabpl is transcribed in hepatocytes and in polarized absorptive enterocytes, the principal epithelial cell lineage of the small intestine (1). Fabpl exhibits a cephalocaudal gradient of expression within the intestine; highest levels of its mRNA and protein products are encountered in differentiated enterocytes that overlie villi located in the middle third of the small intestine; levels diminish as one moves proximally or distally. The gene is silent in the gastric and distal colonic epithelium of both species and in all other epithelia not associated with the gastrointestinal tract.The contribution of cis-acting suppressors to maintaining this pattern of expression was revealed from studies in transgenic mice (1). Seven fusion genes were produced by sequential deletions of the proximal 4000 nucleotides of rat Fabpl's 5Ј-nontranscribed domain and linkage of each truncated product to nucleotides ϩ3 to ϩ2150 of the human growth hormone (hGH) gene. The cellular and spatial patterns of expression of each fusion gene were defined in multiple pedigrees of adult

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Epithelial cell kinetics in the descending colon of the rat

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Alterations of the VIP-stimulated cAMP pathway in rat distal colon after abdominal irradiation

Alterations of the VIP-stimulated cAMP pathway in rat distal colon after abdominal irradiation

Electrolyte Transport in the Mammalian Colon: Mechanisms and Implications for Disease

Suppressor and Activator Functions Mediated by a Repeated Heptad Sequence in the Liver Fatty Acid-binding Protein Gene (Fabpl)

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