Epithelial markers and differentiation in adnexal neoplasms of the skin: an immunohistochemical study including individual cytokeratins

Abstract

Applying immunohistochemical procedures for the detection of eight different cytokeratin (CK) polypeptides and other differentiation markers, we compared the staining patterns of normal cutaneous structures with those of benign adnexal tumors (n = 65). Syringomas exhibited a marker pattern highly reminiscent of that seen in normal dermal eccrine ducts (EMA in peripheral cells, CK 10 in intermediate cells, and CK 6, CK 19, and CEA in luminal cells). Nodular hidradenomas exhibited complex patterns suggesting relationship between tumor cells, including clear cells, and normal secretory coil cells (CK 7, CK 8, CK 19, and EMA); however, dermal-duct and epidermoid differentiation were also detectable. In both cylindromas and spiradenomas, zonal staining patterns were apparent: modified myoepithelial cells were positive for smooth-muscle-type actin, while the luminal cells mainly expressed ductal markers (CK 6 and CK 19) and, less prominently, secretory-coil markers including CK 7. Eccrine poromas exhibited a widespread reaction for CK 5/6 and EMA, analogous to peripheral dermal duct cells, but focal maturation toward inner-ductal and secretory-coil cells was also demonstrable. The staining pattern observed in trichoepitheliomas resembled that of the outer but not the inner root sheath. In conclusion, the detailed marker profiles obtained in the present study have broadened our understanding of the differentiation and nature of these highly singular tumor types.

Proliferation and number of Clara cell 10-kDa protein (CC10)-reactive epithelial cells and basal cells in normal, hyperplastic and metaplastic bronchial mucosa

“…Microwave pretreatment was performed by heating the deparaffinized and rehydrated sections, immersed in 10 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0), in a microwave oven at 600 W for three periods of 5 min. For some antibodies, a subsequent mild (0.001%) trypsin pretreatment was performed for 15 min at 37°C [14]. Detection of Clara cells was based on immunohistochemistry by means of a polyclonal antibody directed against human CC10 protein, the generation of which has been described in a previous publication [3].…”

Eccrine Syringofibroadenoma: Report of a Case and Analysis of Cytokeratin Expression

“…An analysis of cytokeratin expression in ESFA has been performed in 2 cases and revealed an eccrine dermal duct differentiation [22, 23]. The staining pattern of normal eccrine sweat glands to the antibodies to cytokeratins or other antigens [5, 6, 7, 8] is as follows: the acrosyringeal cells, CK19 (variable pattern), EMA, and CEA; the luminal cells of dermal ducts, CK5/6, 19, 8 (variable pattern), CEA and slightly positive for CK17, S-100, GCDPP-15 and EMA; the intermediate cells of dermal ducts, CK5/6 and CK10; the outer cells of dermal ducts, CK5/6 and EMA (table 2). With regard to the staining pattern of the tumor cells, the inner cells and peripheral cells of the tumor strands matched the intermediate cells and outer cells of normal eccrine dermal ducts, respectively, and the luminal cells of the tumor resembled the luminal cells of eccrine dermal ducts.…”

“…For some antibodies, the sections were incubated in 0.1% trypsin (Sigma) in 0.05 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.8) for 15 min at 37 °C. For other antibodies, microwave oven treatment followed by 0.001% trypsinization was performed [3, 4, 5]. …”

Malignant Nodular Hidradenoma on the Scalp

“…Overexpression of p53 and Ki67 is associated with the malignant component of the tumor. 2,6,11,[18][19][20] In the case presented above, both were positive in all the areas examined and in cytologic material could prove helpful for distinguishing between the benign and malignant forms of the tumor. The fact that a cell block can be obtained from FNA material facilitates the use of these diagnostic techniques.…”