Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells process and present Mycobacterium tuberculosis particulate antigens to T-cell clones

Lombardi, Giovanna; Gallo, F. Del; Vismara, D; Piccolella, Enza; Martino, Carmelinda; Garzelli, Carlo; Puglisi, C; Colizzi, Vittorio

doi:10.1016/0008-8749(87)90237-1

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There are few studies on the uptake of bacteria by B cells. A number of bacteria, including mycobacteria [14], Salmonella typhimurium (ST) [15], IgM-opsonised Staphylococcus aureus [16], Listeria monocytogenes [17], and, more recently, Francisella tularensis [11], have been found to be internalised by B-cell lines or primary culture, although the precise mechanism that is responsible for their internalisation has not yet been elucidated. The B-cell bacterial endocytic activity has recently been recognised in lower-vertebrate species, such as fishes or frogs, and interestingly, these cells also exert potent antimicrobial activity [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macropinocytosis is responsible for the uptake of pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria by B lymphocytes (Raji cells)

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe classical roles of B cells include the production of antibodies and cytokines and the generation of immunological memory, these being key factors in the adaptive immune response. However, their role in innate immunity is currently being recognised. Traditionally, B cells have been considered non-phagocytic cells; therefore, the uptake of bacteria by B cells is not extensively documented. In this study, we analysed some of the features of non-specific bacterial uptake by B lymphocytes from the Raji cell line. In our model, B cells were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSM), and Salmonella typhimurium (ST).ResultsOur observations revealed that the Raji B cells were readily infected by the three bacteria that were studied. All of the infections induced changes in the cellular membrane during bacterial internalisation. M. smegmatis and S. typhimurium were able to induce important membrane changes that were characterised by abundant filopodia and lamellipodia formation. These membrane changes were driven by actin cytoskeletal rearrangements. The intracellular growth of these bacteria was also controlled by B cells. M. tuberculosis infection also induced actin rearrangement-driven membrane changes; however, the B cells were not able to control this infection. The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment of B cells induced filopodia and lamellipodia formation, the production of spacious vacuoles (macropinosomes), and the fluid-phase uptake that is characteristic of macropinocytosis. S. typhimurium infection induced the highest fluid-phase uptake, although both mycobacteria also induced fluid uptake. A macropinocytosis inhibitor such as amiloride was used and abolished the bacterial uptake and the fluid-phase uptake that is triggered during the bacterial infection.ConclusionsRaji B cells can internalise S. typhimurium and mycobacteria through an active process, such as macropinocytosis, although the resolution of the infection depends on factors that are inherent in the virulence of each pathogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macropinocytosis is responsible for the uptake of pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria by B lymphocytes (Raji cells)

et al. 2012

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“…Since primary B cells are considered to be not phagocytic, it is unclear how they acquire Ags from bacteria for Ag presentation. B cells can present particulate Ags in the context of MHC class II (11)(12)(13)(14) and are able to extract Ag from a noninternalizable surface (15). Studies on MHC-mediated presentation of BCR-specific Ags are mainly performed with soluble Ags or with pre-cross-linked anti-BCR Abs.…”

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confidence: 99%

B Cell Receptor-Mediated Internalization of Salmonella: A Novel Pathway for Autonomous B Cell Activation and Antibody Production

Souwer

Griekspoor

Jorritsma

et al. 2009

The Journal of Immunology

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The present paradigm is that primary B cells are nonphagocytosing cells. In this study, we demonstrate that human primary B cells are able to internalize bacteria when the bacteria are recognized by the BCR. BCR-mediated internalization of Salmonella typhimurium results in B cell differentiation and secretion of anti-Salmonella Ab by the Salmonella-specific B cells. In addition, BCR-mediated internalization leads to efficient Ag delivery to the MHC class II Ag-loading compartments, even though Salmonella remains vital intracellularly in primary B cells. Consequently, BCR-mediated bacterial uptake induces efficient CD4+ T cell help, which boosts Salmonella-specific Ab production. BCR-mediated internalization of Salmonella by B cells is superior over extracellular Ag extraction to induce rapid and specific humoral immune responses and efficiently combat infection.

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“…In a mouse experimental M. tuberculosis infection induced in B cell knockout mice (BKO mice), they observed less severe granuloma formation and delayed dissemination of the infected pathogens in BKO mice, compared to the case of wild-type mice [36]. In addition, it was demonstrated that B lymphocytes were capable of processing and presenting M. tuberculosis antigens, such as heat shock protein, to T lymphocytes [35,37,38]. Thus, in the hosts with mycobacterial infection, not only T lymphocytes, but also B lymphocytes are responsible for the expression profiles of the protective immune responses, pathological features and the modes of progression of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies on the roles of mediator molecules in expression of the suppressor activity ofMycobacterium aviumcomplex-induced immunosuppressive macrophages against T cell and B cell mitogenic responses

Cai

Shimizu

Tomioka

2006

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells process and present Mycobacterium tuberculosis particulate antigens to T-cell clones

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Macropinocytosis is responsible for the uptake of pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria by B lymphocytes (Raji cells)

Macropinocytosis is responsible for the uptake of pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria by B lymphocytes (Raji cells)

B Cell Receptor-Mediated Internalization of Salmonella: A Novel Pathway for Autonomous B Cell Activation and Antibody Production

Comparative studies on the roles of mediator molecules in expression of the suppressor activity ofMycobacterium aviumcomplex-induced immunosuppressive macrophages against T cell and B cell mitogenic responses

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