Equatorial aurora/airglow in the far ultraviolet

Hicks, G. T.; Chubb, T. A.

doi:10.1029/ja075i031p06233

Cited by 82 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The OI 135.6 nm emission from the low latitude ionosphere was first observed by the OGO-4 satellite, and it was observed that the low-latitude ionosphere had two emission peaks located 10°-20°from the geomagnetic equator corresponding to peaks of the plasma density of the equatorial anomaly (EA) or a.k.a. Appleton anomaly (Hicks and Chubb 1970;Barth and Schaffner 1970). Huba et al (2002) reported that the O + density deduced from the OI 135.6 nm limb scan data agrees well with the SAMI2 ionosphere model.…”

Section: Nighttime Ionospheresupporting

confidence: 68%

The Far Ultra-Violet Imager on the Icon Mission

et al. 2017

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ICON Far UltraViolet (FUV) imager contributes to the ICON science objectives by providing remote sensing measurements of the daytime and nighttime atmosphere/ionosphere. During sunlit atmospheric conditions, ICON FUV images the limb altitude profile in the shortwave (SW) band at 135.6 nm and the longwave (LW) band at 157 nm perpendicular to the satellite motion to retrieve the atmospheric O/N 2 ratio. In conditions of atmospheric darkness, ICON FUV measures the 135.6 nm recombination emission of O + ions used to compute the nighttime ionospheric altitude distribution. ICON Far UltraViolet (FUV) imager is a Czerny-Turner design Spectrographic Imager with two exit slits and corresponding back imager cameras that produce two independent images in separate wavelength bands on two detectors. All observations will be processed as limb altitude profiles. In addition, the ionospheric 135.6 nm data will be processed as longitude and latitude spatial maps to obtain images of ion distributions around regions of equatorial spread F. The ICON FUV optic axis is pointed 20 degrees below local horizontal and has a steering mirror that allows the field of view to be steered up to 30 degrees forward and aft, to keep the local magnetic meridian in the field of view. The detectors are micro channel plate (MCP) intensified FUV tubes with the phosphor fiber-optically coupled to Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs). The dual stack MCP-s amplify the photoelectron signals to overcome the CCD noise and the rapidly scanned frames are co-added to digitally create 12-second integrated images. Digital on-board signal processing is used to compensate for geometric distortion and satellite motion and to achieve data compression. The instrument was originally aligned in visible light by using a special grating and visible cameras. Final alignment, functional and environmental testing and calibration were performed in a large vacuum chamber with

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Section: Nighttime Ionospheresupporting

confidence: 68%

The Far Ultra-Violet Imager on the Icon Mission

et al. 2017

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“…Measurements of night sky emissions have been made at visible wavelengths from the ground [Tinsley et al, 1973;Tinsley and Bittencourt, 1975] and at ultraviolet wavelengths from space [Hicks and Chubb, 1970;Barth and Shaffner, 1970]. These observations led to the identification of two possible production mechanisms for the emission: radiative recombination of O + ions and electrons [Hanson, 1969] [Knudsen, 1970].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optical remote sensing technique for determining nighttime F region electron density

Dymond¹,

Thonnard²,

McCoy³

et al. 1997

Radio Science

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Abstract. We present a technique for using the measured variations of ultraviolet emissions produced by radiative recombination at 911 and 1356 • to determine the nighttime altitude distribution of F region O + ions and electrons. The algorithm uses an iterative scheme based on discrete inverse theory to determine the best fit to the data. We present the results of simulations that demonstrate the convergence properties of the algorithm and the fidelity with which it reproduces the input ionosphere. The algorithm was tested against more realistic simulated "data" generated using the international reference ionosphere (IRI-90) [Bilitza, 1990]. The algorithm accurately retrieved the nighttime F region electron density at midlatitudes (_+25ø-65øN) over a wide range of solar and geomagnetic activity and local time.

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“…The emis sions are pro duced by ra di a tive re com bi na tion of O + ions and elec trons to pro duce atomic ox y gen in an ex cited state that sub se quently de cays by emit ting a pho ton. These emis sions have been ob served at vis i ble wave lengths (7774 and 8446 Å) from the ground (Tinsley et al 1973;Tinsley and Bittencourt 1975) and at ultraviolet wave lengths (911, 1304, and 1356 Å) from space (Barth and Shaffner 1970;Hicks and Chubb 1970;Cha krabarti et al 1984;Feldman et al 1992). The use of night time O emis sions to re motely sense the F-re gion elec tron den sity is de scribed by Chandra et al (1975), Tinsley and Bittencourt (1975), Meier (1991), and Dymond et al (1996Dymond et al ( , 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

Dymond¹,

Budzien²,

Chua³

et al. 2009

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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AB STRACTThe Con stel la tion Ob serv ing Sys tem for Me te o rol ogy, Ion o sphere, and Cli mate (FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC) is a con stel la tion of six microsatellites that was launched into low-Earth or bit on 14 April 2006. Each FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC sat el lite con tains a GPS Occultation Ex per i ment (GOX) GPS re ceiver and a Tiny Ion o spheric Pho tom e ter (TIP), which mea sure the ion o sphere. In pre vi ous pa pers of Dymond and Thomas (2001) and Dymond et al. (2000), an al go rithm for tomographically in vert ing GPS occultation and UV ra di om e ter mea sure ments has been pre sented. We ap ply this al go rithm to the in ver sion of recently acquired FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data and present the results.Key words: Ion o sphere, To mog ra phy, FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC, Appelton anom aly Ci ta tion: : Tomographic re con struc tion of the low-lat i tude night time elec tron density us ing FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC ra dio occultation and UV pho tom e ter data. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 20, 215-226, doi: 10.3319/TAO.2008. 01.15.01(F3C) IN TRO DUC TIONThe use of to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments ac quired dur ing occultation of the Global Po si tion ing Sat el lites (GPS) by a re ceiv ing plat form in low Earth or bit has re cently been dem on strated as a vi a ble tech nique for de ter min ing the ion ospheric elec tron den sity (Hajj et al. 1994). The cor ner stone of the tech nique is use of the Abel in ver sion to con vert the to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments made by the GPS receiver into elec tron den sity pro files. This tech nique as sumes that the ion o sphere is spher i cally sym met ric with no hor izon tal den sity gra di ents. The Abel tech nique works well under cer tain view ing con di tions but its ac cu racy is gen er ally lim ited by the spher i cal sym me try as sump tion. When there are sub stan tial ion o spheric den sity gra di ents pres ent, the Abel in ver sion tech nique yields poor re sults due to an inability to han dle gra di ents (Hajj et al. 1994). As GPS occultations oc cur spo rad i cally around the globe, it is dif fi cult to use them in a sys tem atic way to gather in for ma tion about the global struc ture of the ion o sphere. Thus, al ter na tive techniques must be used to in fer the gra di ents and to ac count for them in the in ver sion pro cess.Sev eral tech niques have been used to in fer ion o spheric gra di ents. On the Formosa Sat el lite -3 or Con stel la tion Observ ing Sys tem for Me te o rol ogy, Ion o sphere, and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COS MIC), GPS occultation mea surements will be com ple mented by ul tra vi o let ra dio met ric measure ments, mea sure ments of the to tal elec tron con tent between the sat el lites and ground us ing com put er ized ion ospheric to mog ra phy re ceiv ers, and ground-based GPS to tal elec tron con tent mea sure ments. The use of ul tra vi o let (UV) ra di om e ters pro vides an ac cu rate mea sure ment of the gra dients on a global ba sis and does not rely on ground-based receivers.Nat u rally oc cur ring ul tra vi o let and vis i ble emi...

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Equatorial aurora/airglow in the far ultraviolet

Cited by 82 publications

References 20 publications

The Far Ultra-Violet Imager on the Icon Mission

The Far Ultra-Violet Imager on the Icon Mission

An optical remote sensing technique for determining nighttime F region electron density

Tomographic Reconstruction of the Low-Latitude Nighttime Electron Density Using FORMOSAT-3/COMSIC Radio Occultation and UV Photometer Data

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