Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ<sup>18</sup>O Values in the Galápagos

Conroy, Jessica L.; Murray, Nicole K; Patterson, Gillian S.; Schore, Aiden I. G.; Ikuru, Ima; Cole, Julia E.; Chillagana, David; Echeverría, Fernando

doi:10.1029/2022gl102074

Geophysical Research Letters

2023

DOI: 10.1029/2022gl102074

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Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ¹⁸O Values in the Galápagos

Jessica L. Conroy

Nicole K Murray

Gillian S. Patterson

et al.

Abstract: Stable oxygen isotopes in seawater have a long history of utility in defining large-scale water masses and water mass mixing, sea ice melt, and continental runoff to the ocean (i.e.,

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“…This influx reflects many influences, such as the seasonality of precipitation δ 18 O values , moisture source regions, rain reevaporation, cloud type, and cloud microphysics, none of which influence salinity (Konecky et al, 2019). Additionally, ocean advection and upwelling can further influence the mixed layer δ 18 O sw -salinity relationship (Benway & Mix, 2004;Conroy et al, 2023;Stevenson et al, 2018). In high latitudes, seasonal sea ice melt/formation and runoff can also affect the δ 18 O sw -salinity relationship (Bauch et al, 2005;Dubinina et al, 2017Dubinina et al, , 2019.…”

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confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Murray,

Muñoz,

Conroy

2023

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Stable isotope – based reconstructions of past ocean salinity and hydroclimate depend on accurate, regionally constrained relationships between the stable oxygen isotopic composition of seawater (δ18Osw) and salinity in the surface ocean. An increasing number of δ18Osw observations suggest greater spatial variability in this relationship than previously considered, highlighting the need to reassess these relationships on a global scale. Here, we use available, paired δ18Osw and salinity data (N = 11,119) to create global interpolations of each variable. We then use a self organizing map, a specialized form of machine learning, to define 19 regions with unique δ18Osw – salinity relationships in the surface (< 50 m) ocean. Inclusion of atmospheric moisture‐related variables and oceanic tracer data in additional self‐organizing map experiments indicates global surface δ18Osw‐salinity spatial patterns are strongly forced by the atmosphere, as the SOM spatial output is highly similar despite no overlapping input data. Our approach is a useful update to the previously delimited regions, and highlights the utility of neural network pattern extraction in spatio‐temporally sparse datasets.

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confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Murray,

Muñoz,

Conroy

2023

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Characterizing the stable oxygen isotopic composition of the southeast Indian Ocean

Glaubke,

Wagner,

Sikes

2024

Marine Chemistry

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Water isotopes, climate variability, and the hydrological cycle: recent advances and new frontiers

Dee

Bailey

Conroy

et al. 2023

Environ. Res.: Climate

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The hydrologic cycle is a fundamental component of the climate system with critical societal and ecological relevance. Yet gaps persist in our understanding of water fluxes and their response to increased greenhouse gas forcing. The stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in water provide a unique opportunity to evaluate hydrological processes and investigate their role in the variability of the climate system and its sensitivity to change. Water isotopes also form the basis of many paleoclimate proxies in a variety of archives, including ice cores, lake and marine sediments, corals, and speleothems. These records hold most of the available information about past hydrologic variability prior to instrumental observations. Water isotopes thus provide a ‘common currency’ that links paleoclimate archives to modern observations, allowing us to evaluate hydrologic processes and their effects on climate variability on a wide range of time and length scales. Building on previous literature summarizing advancements in water isotopic measurements and modeling and describe water isotopic applications for understanding hydrological processes, this topical review reflects on new insights about climate variability from isotopic studies. Our intention is to highlight new work and opportunities to enhance our understanding and predictive skill, rather than be exhaustive. We offer a set of recommendations to advance observational and model-based tools for climate research, and highlight opportunities to better constrain climate sensitivity and identify anthropogenically-driven hydrologic changes within the inherently noisy background of natural climate variability.

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Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ¹⁸O Values in the Galápagos

Abstract: Stable oxygen isotopes in seawater have a long history of utility in defining large-scale water masses and water mass mixing, sea ice melt, and continental runoff to the ocean (i.e.,

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Characterizing the stable oxygen isotopic composition of the southeast Indian Ocean

Water isotopes, climate variability, and the hydrological cycle: recent advances and new frontiers

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Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ18O Values in the Galápagos

Abstract: Stable oxygen isotopes in seawater have a long history of utility in defining large-scale water masses and water mass mixing, sea ice melt, and continental runoff to the ocean (i.e.,

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ18O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ18O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Characterizing the stable oxygen isotopic composition of the southeast Indian Ocean

Water isotopes, climate variability, and the hydrological cycle: recent advances and new frontiers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ¹⁸O Values in the Galápagos

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction

Machine Learning Solutions to Regional Surface Ocean δ¹⁸O‐Salinity Relationships for Paleoclimatic Reconstruction