Equine Sarcoid

Abstract

The equine sarcoid is the most common skin neoplasia in the horse. It has a worldwide distribution and can also affect other equids such as donkeys, zebras, and mules. All breeds can develop the disease at any age, with no sex predilection, although geldings seem to be overrepresented. This fibroblastic neoplasm has several clinical presentations and microscopic features and has a nonmetastatic behavior but can be severely locally invasive. In many cases, multiple sarcoids may develop simultaneously or sequentially during their life and spontaneous remission is rarely reported. The etiology is multifactorial and involves bovine papillomaviruses, genetic, and environmental factors. Treatment options include different modalities depending on multiple factors: lesion type, location and extent, individual patient, facilities, owner, and financial issues.

Sarcoide equino na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul: casuística de 20 anos

“…É mencionado que a recidiva de sarcoide é frequente e pode ocorrer em poucos dias, semanas, meses ou anos (Funiciello & Roccabianca, 2020), no entanto os autores salientam que essas recidivas podem ser decorrentes da disseminação do tumor durante a cirurgia ou pela incompleta remoção da lesão. A indicação de tratamento cirúrgico somente em casos de tumores pequenos pode ser eficiente para evitar essas recidivas e melhorar o prognóstico de evolução do tumor.…”

“…O sarcoide equino é uma neoplasia cutânea localmente invasiva que não metastatiza e, às vezes, estende-se para as regiões mais profundas do subcutâneo e músculos adjacentes. Sarcoides são considerados tumores bifásicos, uma vez que se derivam da proliferação de dois componentes: os fibroblastos dérmicos e os queratinócitos epidérmicos (Funiciello & Roccabianca, 2020). Sarcoide equino é a principal neoplasia que acomete a pele dos equídeos, apresentando-se como lesões únicas ou múltiplas com origem fibroblástica (Quinn, 2003;Gaynor et al, 2015, Abreu et al, 2018.…”

“…Sarcoide equino é a principal neoplasia que acomete a pele dos equídeos, apresentando-se como lesões únicas ou múltiplas com origem fibroblástica (Quinn, 2003;Gaynor et al, 2015, Abreu et al, 2018. Foi descrito pela primeira vez em 1936, tem uma distribuição mundial e pode afetar, também, outros equídeos, como burros, zebras e mulas, bem como outros mamíferos (Funiciello & Roccabianca, 2020).…”

The Induced Expression of BPV E4 Gene in Equine Adult Dermal Fibroblast Cells as a Potential Model of Skin Sarcoid-like Neoplasia

“…Surgical methods have a high probability (up to 30%) of the disease's recurrence in a more aggressive form [14]. There are also methods with good prognosis, but due to the need to apply them directly to the skin lesion, they can be very painful; also some sites, like ears, are more sensitive, which requires general anesthesia in certain cases [15]. For this reason, further efforts are needed to develop new treatments for this condition, which could be amended by the development of new models that can study that neoplasm at the molecular level.…”

Equine sarcoids: A clinicopathologic study of 49 cases, with mitotic count and clinical type predictive of recurrence

“…16,20 There are no reported sex or age predilections; however, some breeds appear to be predisposed to sarcoid development. 2,7,25 Sarcoids can develop in any location, but the most common locations include the head and neck, lips, eyelids, ear, extremities, and ventrum. 4,13,38 Sarcoids are thought to be caused by cross-species infection by bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs), although some aspects of the pathogenesis remain poorly understood.…”