Equivalent-linear site response analysis on the site of the historical Trakošćan Castle, Croatia, using HVSR method

Stanko, Davor; Markušić, Snježana; Strelec, Stjepan; Gazdek, Mario

doi:10.1007/s12665-017-6971-4

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This is exactly what happened in the case of Trakošćan Castle's 2nd floor (frequencies around 4.5 Hz) and the bottom site on the Bednja river basin (frequencies from 4-6 Hz) [12]. Site amplifications for these frequencies vary between 2 and 3.5 [14].…”

Section: Ambient Vibration Measurements: Pre-and Post-earthquakessupporting

confidence: 66%

“…This study, together with previous ones of the Trakošćan area [13,14], is the basis for future studies of the Castle's seismic performance and protection for the purpose of ret-rofitting to withstand future earthquakes. This requires careful interpretation by the use of theoretical analysis and empirical data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Although fully restored and conserved lastly in 2000, Trakošćan Castle was struck afterwards by the Zagreb March 2020 and the Petrinja December 2020 earthquakes, which caused visual damage and cracks on the Castle complex. In that regard, apart from the visual inspection of the building aimed at marking and categorizing the damages/cracks, it was decided that performing ambient vibration measurements was necessary to detect potential changes in the dynamic properties of the building since the existence of preearthquake ambient vibration measurements [13,14]. The comparative analysis of pre (2016) and post (2021) earthquake ambient vibration measurements (Figures 6-8 and Table 1) demonstrates the clear shift of the predominant frequencies towards a lower range, which indicates the presence of plastic deformations (cracks) in the load-bearing walls of the Castle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that the approximate distance from the location of the Petrinja 2020 earthquake to the Trakošćan site is 90 km, peak ground acceleration for the rock is estimated between 0.015 and 0.032 g [7]. If site amplification [14] is considered, we can estimate that resulting peak ground acceleration was between 0.03 and 0.11 g. Again, if we consider a distance of about 40-50 km from the location of the Zagreb 2020 earthquake to the Trakošćan site, estimated peak ground acceleration using attenuation relation for the rock is about 0.03 g [22]. With accounted site amplification [14], ground shaking can be assumed between 0.06 and 0.10 g. We compared these assumed values with recorded ground motions-accelerations for the Zagreb 2020 event recorded on stations 10 km distant from the epicenter were about 0.20 g on alluvial sediment sites [23], whereas six accelerometric stations in Zagreb recorded the Petrinja 2020 event on different local sites in a range of 0.04 g up to 0.25 g (see analysis of accelerogram for Petrinja earthquake, [24]).…”

Section: Ambient Vibration Measurements: Pre-and Post-earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Observations on Historical Castle Trakošćan (Croatia) Performance under Recent ML ≥ 5.5 Earthquakes

et al. 2021

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Trakošćan Castle, built on a rocky peak in the late 13th century, is a cultural heritage site protected as a historical entity by the Republic of Croatia. The Castle is constructed as a highly irregular masonry structure with timber or shallow masonry arches, vaults or dome floors. It was substantially renewed, upgraded and partially retrofitted from the 16th century until the year 2000. The M5.5 (VIII EMS) and M6.2 (VIII-IX EMS) earthquakes, which struck the city of Zagreb on 22 March 2020 and the Pokupsko-Petrinja area on 29 December 2020, strongly shook the Castle’s structure. Earthquake damage was observed and assessed by visual inspection accompanied by ambient vibration measurements. The slight cracks that appeared on masonry arches were found to be critically positioned, and can likely lead to the arches’ collapse if their spreading is not prevented. Ambient vibration measurements, which were compared to pre-earthquake ones, revealed the decrease in the fundamental frequencies of the Castle’s central tower unit and the second floor, thus possibly indicating the loss of structural stiffness as a consequence of the earthquake damage.

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Section: Ambient Vibration Measurements: Pre-and Post-earthquakessupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ambient Vibration Measurements: Pre-and Post-earthquakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Observations on Historical Castle Trakošćan (Croatia) Performance under Recent ML ≥ 5.5 Earthquakes

et al. 2021

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“…e analysis results showed that Mexico City is located in a deep and weak sedimentary basin, which caused the amplification of seismic motion and the lengthening of the duration of strong seismic motion. e destructive earthquakes that occurred in the last 2 decades [9], such as Nepal 2015, Chile 2010, Sichuan 2008, and Kocaeli 1999, proved that the influence of local site conditions on the earthquake damage is substantial when compared to travel path effects and the effects induced by the proximity of earthquake sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristics of Seismic Response on Hard Interlayer Sites

Zhou

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Based on the engineering geological data of a nuclear power plant site, nine engineering geological profiles were created with hard interlayers of different thicknesses. The equivalent linearization method of seismic motion segment-input used for one-dimensional nonlinear seismic response analysis was applied to study the effect of the interlayer thickness on the peak acceleration and the acceleration response spectra of the site seismic response. The results showed that there was an obvious influence of hard interlayer thickness on site seismic responses. With the increase of hard interlayer thickness, the site nonlinear effect on seismic responses decreased. Under the same thickness of the hard interlayer, the nonlinear effect of the site was strengthened with the higher input peak acceleration. In addition, the short-period acceleration response spectrum was found to be significantly influenced by the hard interlayer and showed that the longer the period, the less influence of the hard interlayer on the acceleration response spectrum coordinates. Moreover, the influenced frequency band was wider with the increase in the thickness of hard interlayer.

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Vs30-based site classification and assessment of site-specific ground response analysis for densely populated urban areas of Trabzon (NE Turkey)

Senkaya

2022

Acta Geophys.

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Equivalent-linear site response analysis on the site of the historical Trakošćan Castle, Croatia, using HVSR method

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Preliminary Observations on Historical Castle Trakošćan (Croatia) Performance under Recent ML ≥ 5.5 Earthquakes

Preliminary Observations on Historical Castle Trakošćan (Croatia) Performance under Recent ML ≥ 5.5 Earthquakes

The Characteristics of Seismic Response on Hard Interlayer Sites

Vs30-based site classification and assessment of site-specific ground response analysis for densely populated urban areas of Trabzon (NE Turkey)

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