Erratic electric power challenges in Africa and the way forward via the adoption of human biogas resources

Emetere, M. E.; Agubo, O; Chikwendu, L.

doi:10.1177/01445987211003678

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Limited access to stable electricity infrastructure prevents utilization of high-field MRI systems that require cryogens. Additionally, electricity from the power grid may be unclean and thus may damage expensive equipment 31 . The poor penetration of the Internet, computers and other technology presents challenges in healthcare management, including accessing and storing patient information, imaging files and referrals 32 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Advancing Sustainable MRI Access in Africa

Anazodo

Ehiogu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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MRI technology has profoundly transformed current healthcare and research systems globally. The rapidly growing burden of non-communicable diseases in Africa has underscored the importance of improving access to MRI equipment as well as training and research opportunities on the continent. The Consortium for Advancement of MRI Education & Research in Africa (CAMERA) is a network of African experts, global partners, and ISMRM/ESMRMB members implementing novel strategies to advance MRI access and research in Africa. To identify challenges to MRI usage and provide a framework for addressing MRI needs in the region, CAMERA conducted a Needs Assessment Survey (NAS) and a series of symposia at international MRI society meetings over a 2-year period. The 68-question NAS was distributed to MRI users in Africa and completed by 157 clinicians and scientists from across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). On average, the number of MRI scanners per million people remained at <1, of which, 39% were obsolete low-field systems yet still in use to meet clinical needs. The feasibility of coupling stable energy supplies from various sources has contributed to the growing number of higher-field (1.5T) MRI scanners in the region. However, these systems are underutilized with only 8% of facilities reporting clinical scans of 15 or more patients daily per scanner. The most frequently reported MRI scans were neurological and musculoskeletal. Our NAS combined with the World Health Organization and International Atomic Energy Agency data provides the most up-to-date data on MRI density in Africa and offers unique insight into Africa's MRI needs. Reported gaps in training, maintenance, and research capacity indicate ongoing challenges in providing sustainable high-value MRI access in SSA. Findings from the NAS and focused discussions at ISMRM and ESMRMB provided the basis for the framework presented here for advancing MRI capacity in SSA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Advancing Sustainable MRI Access in Africa

Anazodo

Ehiogu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Price fluctuations are the upward and downward changes in a product's prices because of predictable and unpredictable forces. Other researchers cite erratic supply, intermittency, and unreliable markets as possible causes of energy price fluctuations, yet there is no visible solution to solve this as part of certainty in energy pricing [42]. With such uncertainties, energy pricing can only be left to the government, developed to reduce the uncertainties by involving all the people or limiting the externalities.…”

Section: Effect Of Price Fluctuations Energy Pricing Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these models have also been used long enough within the companies to create familiarity and ample understanding. However, the results showed common weaknesses for the models, including lack of consumer participation [25], inadequate end user prediction and load challenges [32], and lack of proper consideration of externalities [42]. These challenges not only make pricing harder but also create more volatility in the market.…”

Section: Commonly Used Energy Pricing Models In Ssa and The Existing Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy price modeling in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic literature review

Luhangala

Ambole

Musango

et al. 2022

Environ. Res.: Infrastruct. Sustain.

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The energy market in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not meeting the demands of the region’s growing population. Energy access remains a significant challenge, with most people on the continent still reliant on biomass and other traditional forms of energy. Paradoxically, research has found that the African continent has the highest potential for renewable energy generation. For this energy to be commercialized effectively, there is a need to understand energy price modelling in the SSA context. Our initial review of Literature showed that energy price modelling has received little attention in SSA. This paper, therefore, fills this gap by using a systematic literature review to consolidate knowledge on how energy price modelling has been applied in the SSA context. The systematic literature review results reveal four commonly used models: time series, Artificial Neural Network, Hybrid Iterative Reactive Adaptive (HIRA), and Hybrid models. Across the 46 SSA countries, governments have applied these models to price electricity and petroleum at the national level. However, these models have not been applied to renewable energy markets. Neither have they been applied at the household level. In the discussion, we hypothesize that price modelling can be used at the household level to improve energy decision-making. For this to work, price modelling should be simplified, user-friendly, and accessible to households. In conclusion, we recommend that SSA governments develop a more holistic view of energy price modelling to better harness the potential of renewables. They can do this through effective stakeholder engagement that includes the needs of small businesses and households. The main lessons drawn from this review include the possibility of using energy price modelling technology as a pathway to encouraging energy transitions to renewable energy in informal settlements in Africa. Using technology to bring the price modelling closer to the people is also an important element in facilitating effective transition to renewable energy. Finally, including the members of the community in pricing through creation of awareness on the models used and popularizing technology that can help in predictive pricing will help in creating better and faster energy transitions.

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“…This country represents one of the lowest rural electrification rates in the world (IEA et al, 2021). This has made the 94% of the population to rely using biomass for cooking and lighting (Emetere et al, 2021) Rivers, 2013) estimates an untapped generation of 100 000 MW of hydroelectricity to satisfy the DRC electricity needs which the government has geared not for the poor but for selling to the mines, abroad and rich populace. The DRC's rural electrification rate of 1% was partly brought on, by ongoing war conflicts that destroyed most of the electrical infrastructure.…”

Section: Bibliographic and Documentary Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Microgrids to Improve Electrification Rate in Democratic Republic of Congo: Case of Hydro, Municipal Waste and Solar

Josue¹,

Mushi

2022

TJET

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Worldwide, it is imperative for citizens to have access to electrici-ty. This applies to Congolese--rural and urban dwellers, and if possible, it should be guaranteed by government’s laws and poli-cies. However, the rural and urban areas of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) suffer majorly from lack of access to electricity. The major reasons are the high costs associated with connection to the national central grid and production insufficiency. There-fore, one feasible approach to electrify these areas is to use mi-crogrids. This technology is decent and viable option for energy revolution since it incorporates energy storage systems, distribut-ed generators, and localized loads. This paper has taken to im-plement this solution by firstly analysing some cities located at the borders of large rivers or watercourses (with known depth and width), such as the Congo River considered for hydrokinetic pow-er (HKP). However, where the Congo River does not pass through, the paper will consider largest rivers passing in the area. For the case of photovoltaic electricity production, large cities are considered those with good sunshine and large population who have purchasing power for the photovoltaic electricity. The waste to energy power plans will consider the top ten densely populated cities in DRC. The proposed microgrids will operate in isolation (islanded) mode. This paper proposed 44 projects to generate 795 690 kW total energy from the microgrids. These energies are divided as 661 000 kW from solar photovoltaic, 83 790 kW from waste to energy, and 50 900 kW from hydrokinetic generation. The urban share will be 94.9% and rural area share will be 5.1% of this generation. Further work needs to include biomass as a possible renewable energy to add in the mix.

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Erratic electric power challenges in Africa and the way forward via the adoption of human biogas resources

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

A Framework for Advancing Sustainable MRI Access in Africa

A Framework for Advancing Sustainable MRI Access in Africa

Energy price modeling in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic literature review

Renewable Energy Microgrids to Improve Electrification Rate in Democratic Republic of Congo: Case of Hydro, Municipal Waste and Solar

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