Erythema Multiforme: A Recent Update

Hasan, Shamimul; Jangra, Jogender; Choudhary, Priyadarshini; Mishra, Silpiranjan

doi:10.13005/bpj/1358

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The exact aetiology of EM is obscure, although, prior infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the intake of certain drugs are the common precipitating factors. 9,10 Our findings demonstrated that 63.3% of the patients with ORF were less than 40 years of age and these findings are consistent with the report of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that found that the majority of ORF cases were reported within the third or fourth decade of age. 11 The results of our study also revealed that the sites of infection were distributed as follows: right hand in 8 patients (26.7%), left hand in 19 patients (63.3%), and right and left hands in 3 patients (10%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Incidence of Erythema Multiforme among Patients with ORF Disease in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital

Kadhim

2021

JCD

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Background: ORF virus has a worldwide distribution among sheep and goats. The hypersensitivity reaction, erythema multiforme (EM) is a known complication of ORF infection in humans; however, its occurrence is poorly understood and has not been extensively reviewed. Aims of the Study: To assess the incidence of EM among patients with ORF infection and to find the association of EM incidence to age, gender, and occupation of the patients. Method: A cross-sectional study of analytic design was conducted between 1st January 2018 and 31st December 2018 at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital. Thirty cases of age ranging from 16 to 65 years who were clinically confirmed with ORF with and without EM eruption were included in this study. Data related to age, gender, occupation, complete clinical history, time of getting ORF infection and EM eruption was collected. Results: The finding of the current study showed that the mean age of studied sample was 36.1 ± 9.1, 19 (63.3%) participants were less than 40 years of age, 24 (80%) were female, 24 (80%) were housewives, and 9 (30%) ORF patients were presented with EM. 4 (44.4%) patients got EM infection in the first week of ORF infection and 3 (33.3%) in the 2nd week. No significant association (p ≥ 0.005 for all) was found between the status of EM and age category, gender and occupation of the patients. Conclusion: We could conclude that the incidence of EM was relatively high among patients who had ORF infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Incidence of Erythema Multiforme among Patients with ORF Disease in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital

Kadhim

2021

JCD

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“…16,17 Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute self-limiting, immunological, vesiculobullous disorder primarily affecting the skin and mucous membrane. 18 Based on the area of involvement it was classified as major and minor. Minor EM involves only the cutaneous region as seen in our study, whereas EM major involves both the mucous membrane and also the cutaneous regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenytoin Induced Erythema Multiforme

Dhamodharan¹,

Selvaraj²,

Sivagourounadin³

2020

JYP

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Phenytoin is conventional antiepileptic drug is effective in the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures but its adverse effects makes its usage limited. We herein present the case of Phenytoin induced Erythema Multiforme. A 65-year-old elderly female presented to our hospital with a 3 days history of itching all over the body, multiple reddish lesions over bilateral arms, forearms, anterior aspect of chest, trunk, bilateral palms and soles. Patient developed skin lesion 1 month after and she started taking phenytoin 100 mg twice a day for left frontal temporal subdural hematoma. Dermatological examination revealed multiple tangloid lesions over the lateral aspect of neck. Phenytoin was discontinued and the skin lesions resolved spontaneously within 2 weeks. The health-care professionals should be aware of such dermatological reactions so that it can be diagnosed and treated early.

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“…Erythema multiforme (EM) is a rare immune-mediated mucocutaneous disorder with acute onset, sometimes recurrent, and sometimes self-limited. 1 , 2 The two main forms of EM are EM major with the involvement of two or more mucosal sites and EM minor with the involvement of one or none mucosal site. 3 The etiology of EM remains unknown, but infections, certain drugs, immune conditions, and malignancies can trigger the development of this condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 The etiology of EM remains unknown, but infections, certain drugs, immune conditions, and malignancies can trigger the development of this condition. 2 , 4 Frequent episodes occurring over several years characterized recurrent erythema multiforme (REM). 5 Approximately 70% of REM cases are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report: Clinical Efficacy of Combination Treatment of Dexamethasone and Azathioprine in Recurrent Erythema Multiforme

Suwarsa¹,

Dewi²,

Sutedja³

et al. 2022

IMCRJ

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Recurrent erythema multiforme (REM) may have frequent episodes over a period of several years and is considered to be a hypersensitivity reaction associated with infection or medication. REM is a mucocutaneous disorder which is characterized by targetoid lesions. Most of the cases are caused by herpes simplex virus infection. Systemic corticosteroid is frequently used to treat REM due to its effects in suppressing the disease. When REM is unresponsive to systemic corticosteroid, steroid-sparing treatment needs to be instituted. We reported a case of REM in a 49-year-old male. There were complaints of burning sensations on the skin lesions, along with swelling on both hands. On physical examination, erythematous macules and targetoid lesions were found on both palms, arms, and legs. During hospitalization, dexamethasone 20 mg was administered in a tapering dose but new skin lesions still appeared. Two days after azathioprine 50 mg twice daily was added to the treatment, skin lesions and swelling on the patient’s hands were diminished and the burning sensation disappeared. No side effects of azathioprine were found in this patient and no recurrence until two weeks after hospitalization. This case report demonstrated the efficacy of combined treatment of dexamethasone and azathioprine for REM cases unresponsive to systemic corticosteroid.

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Erythema Multiforme: A Recent Update

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Incidence of Erythema Multiforme among Patients with ORF Disease in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital

Incidence of Erythema Multiforme among Patients with ORF Disease in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital

Phenytoin Induced Erythema Multiforme

A Case Report: Clinical Efficacy of Combination Treatment of Dexamethasone and Azathioprine in Recurrent Erythema Multiforme

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