Erythema multiforme caused by tattoo: a further case

Allione, Attilio; Dutto, Luca; Castagna, Elisabetta; Ricca, M; Tartaglino, Bruno

doi:10.1007/s11739-010-0394-5

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Cited by 3 publications

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para‐Phenylenediamine

2019

Common Contact Allergens

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para‐Phenylenediamine

2019

Common Contact Allergens

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Proposed ICDRG Classification of the Clinical Presentation of Contact Allergy

Pongpairoj¹,

Ale²,

Andersen³

et al. 2016

Dermatitis

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The International Contact Dermatitis Research Group proposes a classification for the clinical presentation of contact allergy. The classification is based primarily on the mode of clinical presentation. The categories are direct exposure/contact dermatitis, mimicking or exacerbation of preexisting eczema, multifactorial dermatitis including allergic contact dermatitis, by proxy, mimicking angioedema, airborne contact dermatitis, photo-induced contact dermatitis, systemic contact dermatitis, noneczematous contact dermatitis, contact urticaria, protein contact dermatitis, respiratory/mucosal symptoms, oral contact dermatitis, erythroderma/exfoliative dermatitis, minor forms of presentation, and extracutaneous manifestations.

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Side‐effects of henna and semi‐permanent ‘black henna’ tattoos: a full review

Groot¹

2013

Contact Dermatitis

135

117

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SummaryHenna, the dried and powdered leaf of Lawsonia inermis, is widely used as a dye for the skin, hair, and nails, and as an expression of body art, especially in Islamic and Hindu cultures. As it stains the skin reddish-brown, it is also called red henna. Black henna is the combination of red henna with p-phenylenediamine (PPD), and is used for temporary 'black henna tattoos'. This article provides a full review of the side-effects of topical application of red and black henna, both cutaneous (allergic and non-allergic) and systemic. Red henna appears to be generally safe, with rare instances of contact allergy and type I hypersensitivity reactions. In children with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, topical application of henna may cause life-threatening haemolysis. Black henna tattoos will induce contact allergy to its ingredient PPD at an estimated frequency of 2.5%. Once sensitized, the patients may experience allergic contact dermatitis from the use of hair dyes containing PPD. There are often cross-reactions to other hair dyes, dyes used in textiles, local anaesthetics, and rubber chemicals. The sensitization of children to PPD may have important consequences for health and later career prospects. Systemic toxicity of black henna has been reported in certain African countries.

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Erythema multiforme caused by tattoo: a further case

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

para‐Phenylenediamine

para‐Phenylenediamine

Proposed ICDRG Classification of the Clinical Presentation of Contact Allergy

Side‐effects of henna and semi‐permanent ‘black henna’ tattoos: a full review

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