Erythroleukemia

Abstract

Leukemia eritroid akut dibagi menjadi dua (2) subtipe berdasarkan penggolongan World Health Organization (WHO) 2008,yaitu eritroleukemia dan pure erythroid leukemia. Penggolongan WHO 2008 menganjurkan diagnosis leukemia eritroid akutcukup berdasarkan hasil menilai sumsum tulang, berdasarkan jumlah eritroblas dan sel blas, keberadaan diseritropoiesis, sertadisgranulopoiesis. Eritroleukemia merupakan bentuk leukemia mieloid akut yang jarang terjadi, yaitu <5% kasus leukemia mieloidakut. Eritroleukemia terutama terjadi di orang dewasa dan lebih sering terjadi di laki-laki. Satu kasus dilaporkan perempuan berusia42 tahun dengan hasil memeriksa pansitopenia di laboratorium, kemudian dinilai sumsum tulangnya dan didapatkan eritroblas 67%All Nucleated Cells (ANC), disertai diseritropoiesis yang jelas dan blas 25% Non-Erythroid Cells (NEC) dengan disgranulopoiesis 35%.Hasil ini menetapkan diagnosis eritroleukemia (AML-M6) berdasarkan penggolongan WHO 2008. Hasil memeriksa imunofenotip flowcytometry didapatkan komponen eritroid dan mieloid yang mendukung diagnosis eritroleukemia. Pemeriksaan imunofenotip denganflow cytometry tersebut sebenarnya tidak diperlukan untuk menetapkan diagnosis eritroleukemia. Pemeriksaan sitogenetika disarankanuntuk menentukan peramalan perjalanan penyakit.

Acute Erythroleukemia (AML-M6) in one-year-old boy: a case report

“…The neutrophil count can vary from normal to low, where Pseudo Pelger-Huet abnormalities can be found. 6 The patient in this case report is known to have severe normochromic normocytic anemia with a hemoglobin level of 8.20 g/dL and thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of 8x10 3 /μL. At the beginning of the MRS, the patient was also neutropenic, with a neutrophil percentage of 17.5%.…”

“…2 Tedja AT et al stated that the results of peripheral blood smears of patients with AML-M6 would mostly find normochromic normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. 6 The presence of erythrocyte abnormalities such as anisopoikilocytosis, anisochromia, and basophil stippling is not a typical finding. The neutrophil count can vary from normal to low, where Pseudo Pelger-Huet abnormalities can be found.…”

“…5 In almost all cases, normocytic normochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia were found. 6 The prognosis for AML-M6 is very poor, with a median survival rate of 3-14 months from diagnosis. Meanwhile, if intensive chemotherapy is carried out, the median survival rate of patients can reach 7.6 to 9 months.…”