Erythromycin reduces nasal inflammation by inhibiting immunoglobulin production, attenuating mucus secretion, and modulating cytokine expression

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) share some similar pathological mechanisms. In current study, we intend to investigate the impact of AR on CRS. In addition, we explored the efficacy of erythromycin (EM) treatment on CRS mice with or without AR (CRSwoAR, CRSwAR). Study subjects were divided into control, CRSwoAR, and CRSwAR groups. Experimental mice were divided similarly into control, CRSwoAR, and CRSwAR groups. In addition, CRS mice were treated with EM at 0.75, 7.5, or 75 mg/kg or with dexamethasone (Dex) at 1 mg/kg. In our results, allergy exacerbates inflammation that was evident in nasal histology and cytokine expression both in patients and in mice with CRS. Dex 1 mg/kg, EM 7.5 or 75 mg/kg treatments significantly inhibited serum IgE and IgG2a in CRS mice. EM-treated CRS mice had significantly elevated IL-10 levels and had a reversal of Th-1/Th-2 cytokine expression in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue. MUC5AC expressions were significantly reduced in the 7.5 or 75 mg/kg EM-treated mice compared with untreated mice. EM showed inhibitions on immunoglobulin production and mucus secretion stronger than Dex. We concluded that comorbid AR enhanced inflammation of CRS. EM and Dex treatments showed similar anti-inflammatory effects on CRS but through partly different mechanisms.

CircARF3 Mitigates Allergic Rhinitis through Targeting microRNA-205-5p/Sirtuin 5 Axis

“…HDM is an allergen for allergic diseases, including AR [32, 33]. Moreover, in AR mice, this allergen exposure can promote allergic inflammation [25, 34]. Our research established the AR model in vivo and IL-4/IL-13-treated NEpCs to gain new insights into the evolution of AR.…”

“…Eight-week-old female BALB/c mice were provided via Charles River Laboratories (Beijing, China), and housed in a climate-controlled environment. The murine AR model was established as previously reported [24, 25]. In brief, 24 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (control, AR, AR + pc-NC, or AR + pc-circARF3 group; n = 6 per group).…”

“…House dust mite (HDM) is a common allergen that has been utilized extensively to induce allergic inflammation in AR mice [24, 25]. Our study established an AR model using HDM-treated BALB/c mice and IL-4/IL-13-stimulated mice NEpCs.…”

The Mechanism of Action and Clinical Efficacy of Low-Dose Long-Term Macrolide Therapy in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

“…Similar to other inhibitory mechanisms, clarithromycin had an impact on NF-κB inactivation. In a CRS mouse model, the level of IL-10 was increased, and Muc5ac expression was inhibited by erythromycin treatment [51].…”